桥梁在洪水状态下的失效形式分析

Analysis on Failure Forms of Bridges under Flood Condition

对于跨河桥梁,桥梁结构安全风险因素除了超载外,超标洪水对桥梁冲刷是跨河桥另一重大隐患。大量桥梁水毁实例资料显示,跨河桥在超标洪水作用下易出现基础冲刷掏空导致桩基承载力不足、板式橡胶支座滑移导致桥梁错位、上部结构直接漂浮滑移、上部结构直接横移倾覆等桥梁失效形式。因此,以合肥市南淝河上4座重点跨河桥为例,对桥梁在超标洪水下的的失效形式进行分析,以期为同类型桥梁在洪水状态下的失效形式分析提供参考。

For the cross-river bridges,in addition to the overloading,the excessive flood is another major risk factor for bridge safety.A large number of examples of bridge water damage data show that the failure forms of crossing river bridges are prone to occur under the operation of exceeding the standard flood,such as foundation erosion and hollowing leading to insufficient bearing capacity of pile foundation,bridge dislocation caused by sliding of plate rubber bearing,direct floating sliding of superstructure,and direct transverse overturn the superstructure.Therefore,taking four important cross-river bridges on Nanfei River in Hefei City as an example,the failure forms of bridge under the exceeding flood are analyzed in order to provide the reference for the analysis on the failure forms of the similar bridge under the flood condition.