大病众筹平台与医疗保障制度完善:基于某大病众筹平台的面板数据分析

The Role and Function of Online Medical Crowdfunding Platforms in China's Multi-Layer Medical Insurance System

近几年,大病众筹平台在中国发展迅速,引起广泛关注,基于中国领先的医疗众筹平台之一——S筹平台2018—2020年的筹款统计数据,本研究试图回答以下问题:平台作为筹款渠道,其发展的社会基础是医疗保障不足吗?是哪一类型或哪一部分人群的医疗保障不足?其是否缓解了医疗保障不平等?哪一类型的不平等?换言之,大病众筹平台与现有的基本医疗保险制度、商业健康保险、医疗救助等形式的医疗保障安排的关系如何?结合各省份的统计数据,本研究构建了省级层面2018—2020年的面板数据,实证检验了大病众筹平台在缓解医疗保障不足和医疗保障不平等方面的作用。同时,本研究基于省级层面并区分城乡居民的异质性分析则体现了大病众筹平台对地区间和人群间医疗保障不平等的缓解作用:作为一种互联网筹款渠道,平台的使用可以提升医疗费用需求的社会可见度,由此提升相应的社会关注度作为一种资源对处于劣势地位的地区和人群的倾斜。

Online medical crowdfunding(OMC)platforms has developed quickly and attracted massive attention globally and especially in China.Based on the fundraising statistics of one of the famous domestic OMC platforms from 2018 to 2020,this study attempts to answer the following questions:Whether OMC helps to alleviate medical security inequality?If so,how or which inequality does it help to alleviate?What's the relationship between OMC and other medical insurances?Combined with the statistical data of provinces,this study constructs the panel data to empirically test the role and function of OMC platform for severe diseases in alleviating the inadequacy and inequality in the development of basic medical insurance,medical assistance and commercial health insurance.This study shows the alleviation effect of OMC platforms on interregional and interpopulation medical security inequality:as an Internet fundraising channel,the use of the platform can improve the social visibility of medical expense demand,so as to raise social attention as a resource to disadvantaged regions and population.