海参内脏精深加工难点与对策

Difficulties and Countermeasures in Deep Processing of Sea Cucumber Viscera

海参具有抗肿瘤、抗凝血、抗氧化和调节免疫力等多种生理功能,有很高的食用和药用价值,在营养保健方面备受重视。国内外对海参内脏的开发利用研究较少,对海参内脏的活性成分缺乏认识,并且海参内脏往往作为加工副产物而被随意丢弃,得不到充分利用。目前,海参内脏的利用主要集中于活性成分的鉴定和产品的脱腥,对产品的开发研究较少。本文以海参内脏的营养物质及活性成分为导向,从论文、授权专利和保健食品三个方面,阐述了海参肠、卵、精、生殖腺和海参内脏的加工利用、脱腥方法的建立以及潜在的产品开发方向。总体而言,目前普遍存在海参内脏活性成分加工方式不统一,保健食品效用成分不明确等缺点。随着加工技术的发展,运用酶解、提取等手段对海参内脏进行综合利用将成为重要方向。

Sea cucumber has many physiological functions,such as anti-tumor,anti-coagulation,anti-oxidation and immunity regulation.It has high edible and medicinal value,and has received much attention in nutrition and health care.There are few researches on the exploitation and utilization of sea cucumber viscera at home and abroad,and a lack of knowledge about the active components of sea cucumber viscera.The viscera of sea cucumber is often discarded as a by-product of processing and can not be fully utilized.At present,the utilization of sea cucumber viscera mainly focuses on the identification of active components and the removal of fishy products,and the research on the development of products is less.Based on the nutrients and active components of sea cucumber viscera,this paper expounds the processing and utilization of sea cucumber intestines,eggs,sperms,gonads and viscera,the establishment of removing fishy smell methods and the potential development direction of products from three aspects of papers,authorized patents and health food.In general,at present,there are generally shortcomings such as inconsistent processing methods of active components of sea cucumber offal and unclear practical ingredients of health food.With the development of processing technology,the comprehensive utilization of sea cucumber viscera by enzymatic hydrolysis and extraction will become an important direction.