论叔孙通的礼治实践及其影响

Shu Suntong's practice of ruling guided by the principle of rites and its influence

叔孙通在西汉开国伊始,通过制定朝仪及宗庙礼法等制度,推动西汉礼治,既使汉初朝堂君臣等级分明,又使儒家礼学思想得以弘扬,为后世帝王进行礼治建设提供典范。由于叔孙通的礼治实践,汉初统治者改变了对儒学和儒生的态度,大量儒生因此入朝为官,改变了西汉的官僚结构。随着儒学与汉初政治联系的加强,儒士的独立人格开始走向退化。叔孙通的礼治实践,不管是对汉初的政治统治,还是对儒学的发展都产生了持续而深刻的影响。

At the beginning of the founding of the Western Han Dynasty,Shu Suntong promoted the rule of etiquette by formulating the system of court rituals and the ritual law of the imperial temple,which not only made the hierarchy of emperors and ministers in the early Han Dynasty clear,but also promoted the thought of Confucian ritual,providing a model for the construction of ruling rites for the later emperors.Because of Shu Suntong's practice of ruling by rites,the rulers of the early Han Dynasty changed their attitude towards Confucianism and Confucian scholars,and a large number of Confucian scholars became officials in the court,which changed the bureaucratic structure of the Western Han Dynasty.With the strengthening of connection between Confucianism and the politics of the early Han Dynasty,the independent personality of Confucian scholars began to degenerate.Shu Suntong's practice of ruling by rites had a sustained and profound impact on both the politics of the early Han Dynasty and the development of Confucianism.