城市矿产开发利用:前景、影响因素及管理政策

Urban mineral development and utilization:prospects,influencing factors and management policies

城市矿产开发利用是一种以循环经济为基础,将废弃物转化为可再生资源的管理方式,有助于改善循环经济中的资源消耗和可持续性。通过全面、深入地梳理相关研究,有助于加深对城市矿产开发利用的系统认识。本文首先从城市矿产的社会蓄积量、开发价值和开发利用模式入手,分析城市矿产开发利用的前景;其次围绕技术条件、成本效益和政策环境探讨城市矿产开发利用的影响因素;最后从政策体系现状、政策工具效果和政策顶层设计等三方面分析城市矿产开发利用的管理政策。研究结果表明:典型城市矿产不仅储量丰富,而且开发价值巨大,但仍存在诸多问题与挑战,如现阶段实际回收率并不高等。因此,需大力发展新技术和提升正规回收渠道的比例来提高城市矿产开发利用效率。此外,国家层面应将循环商业模式和生产者责任延伸(EPR)模式有机融入城市矿产开发利用管理政策体系中,构建可再生资源开发利用的产业生态链。最后,展望了城市矿产开发利用的未来研究方向。

Urban mineral development and utilization is a management method based on the circular economy that converts waste into renewable resources,which helps to improve resource consumption and sustainability in the circular economy.Through comprehensive and in-depth combing of the relevant research,it is helpful to deepen the systematic understanding of urban mineral development and utilization.Firstly,analyzes the prospects of urban mineral development and utilization from the social stock,development value and development and utilization mode of urban minerals.Secondly,the influencing factors of urban mineral development and utilization are discussed around technical conditions,cost-effectiveness and policy environment.Finally,the management policies of urban mineral development and utilization are analyzed from three aspects:the status quo of the policy system,the effect of policy tools and the top-level design of policies.The results show that typical urban minerals are not only rich in reserves,but also have great development value,but there are still many problems and challenges,such as the actual recovery rate is not high at this stage.Therefore,it is necessary to vigorously develop new technologies and increase the proportion of formal recycling channels to improve the efficiency of urban mineral development and utilization.In addition,the national level should organically integrate the circular business model and extended producer responsibility(EPR) model into the management policy system of urban mineral development and utilization,and build an industrial ecological chain for the development and utilization of renewable resources.Finally,the future research direction of urban mineral development and utilization is envisioned.