黄河流域能源绿色利用效率测度及时空演变分析

Measurement of green utilization efficiency of energy in the Yellow River Basin and analysis of its spatio-temporal evolution

提升能源绿色利用效率是推进黄河流域生态保护与高质量发展国家战略的关键。以黄河流域为研究对象,利用2001—2020年黄河流域78个地级市面板数据,采用SBM模型测度黄河流域能源绿色利用效率,揭示黄河流域能源绿色利用效率的时空演变特征。研究结果表明:(1)黄河流域能源绿色利用效率呈现先下降后上升的态势,2001—2016年表现为波动性下降,2016—2020年开始逐渐上升;(2)黄河流域能源绿色利用效率存在明显的空间差异,下游地区整体高于上游地区和中游地区;(3)能源绿色利用效率整体呈现空间正自相关,随着多个城市群的布局及建设的成效显现,2004年以后空间集聚性逐年增强,其中,高值集聚区(H-H类型)主要集中分布在黄河流域下游的山东省和河南省,在研究期内空间范围呈现扩大态势,低值集聚区(L-L类型)主要分布在陕甘宁地区,在研究期内空间范围逐步扩大,主要原因是该地区能源绿色利用效率普遍偏低且增长缓慢;高值异质区域(H-L类型)和低值异质区域(L-H类型)主要零星分布在中上游地区。研究结论能够为黄河流域国家战略的推进、能源高效绿色利用及节能减排政策制定提供理论支撑。

Improving the green utilization efficiency of energy is the key to promoting the national strategy of ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin.Taking the Yellow River Basin as the research object,based on the panel data from 78 prefecture level cities in the Yellow River Basin from 2001 to 2020,the SBM model is used to measure the green utilization efficiency of energy in the Yellow River Basin,and to reveal the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of the green utilization efficiency of energy in the Yellow River Basin.The research results show that the green utilization efficiency of energy in the Yellow River Basin shows a trend of first decreasing and then increasing.From 2001 to 2016,it shows a decline in volatility,and gradually increased from 2016 to 2020.The green utilization efficiency of energy in the Yellow River Basin has obvious spatial difference,and the downstream region as a whole is higher than the upstream and midstream regions.The overall green utilization efficiency of energy shows a positive spatial autocorrelation,and the spatial agglomeration has increased year by year since 2004.High value cluster areas(H-H type)are mainly distributed in Shandong Province and Henan Province in the downstream areas of the Yellow River Basin,and the spatial scope is expanding during the study period.Low value cluster areas(L-L type) are mainly distributed in Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Region,and the spatial scope gradually expanded during the study period,mainly because the green utilization efficiency of energy in this region is generally low and the growth is slow.High value heterogeneous regions(H-L type) and low value heterogeneous regions(L-H type) are mainly scattered in the middle and upper reaches.The research conclusion can provide theoretical support for the promotion of national strategies,energy efficiency and green utilization,and the formulation of energy-saving and emission reduction policies in the Yellow River Basin.