养老机构老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者述情障碍与社会支持现状及其相关性研究

Study on the Status of and Correlation Between Alexithymia and Social Support in Elderly Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Pension Institutions

目的了解养老机构老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者述情障碍与社会支持现状及其相关性。方法采用便利抽样法,于2022年7月至2023年2月运用一般资料调查表、多伦多述情障碍量表(TAS-20)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)对成都市5所养老机构267例老年COPD患者展开调查。结果养老机构老年COPD患者述情障碍得分为(56.97±10.21)分,社会支持得分为(37.90±7.50)分,二者总分及各维度得分均呈负相关(r=-0.944,P<0.01);年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、家庭人均月收入、自费支付医疗费用方式、病程、合并慢性病数量、亲友探望频率、社会支持为养老机构老年COPD患者述情障碍的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。结论养老机构老年COPD患者述情障碍发生率较高,社会支持处于中等水平;社会支持水平越低,其述情障碍程度越严重,且述情障碍受多种内外因素的影响。因此,机构照护人员及家庭要重视对养老机构老年COPD患者述情障碍评估,通过改善其经济支持、探望频率等相关社会支持水平来提高其康养幸福感和生存质量。

Objective To investigate the current status of alexithymia and social support in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)in pension institutions and explore the correlation between them.Methods Convenience sampling method was adopted.From July 2022 to February 2023,a total of 267 elderly patients with COPD in 5 pension institutions in Chengdu were investigated by using general information questionnaire,Toronto Alexithymia Scale(TAS-20)and Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS).Results The elderly patients with COPD scored(56.97±10.21)for alexithymia and(37.90±7.50)for social support.The total scores and scores of each dimension of the two were negatively correlated(r=-0.944,P<0.01).Age,education,marital status,per capita monthly family income,medical expenses paid out of pocket,course of disease,number of chronic diseases,frequency of visits by relatives and friends,and social support were the main influencing factors of alexithymia in elderly patients with COPD in pension institutions(P<0.05).Conclusion In elderly patients with COPD in pension institutions,the incidence of alexithymia is high and the level of social support is medium.The lower the level of social support,the more serious the alexithymia.And alexithymia is affected by a variety of internal and external factors.Therefore,institutional caregivers and families should attach importance to the assessment of alexithymia in elderly patients with COPD in pension institutions,and improve their well-being and quality of life by improving their economic support,frequency of visits and and other aspects related to the level of social support.