我国县域数字普惠金融发展指数:得分测度、结果分析与对策思考

China's County Digital Inclusive Finance Development Index:Scoring Measurement,Result Analysis and Policy Implications

当前,我国县域数字普惠金融已基本形成政府和业界“双轮强驱动的中国发展模式”,但县域数字普惠金融发展水平总体上仍然较低,区域间发展存在不平衡问题。本文利用网商银行的业务数据和县域社会经济统计数据,从服务广度、深度与质量三大维度,建构了中国县域数字普惠金融发展指数评价体系,测度了2017—2021年全国1766个县(县级市、旗)的县域数字普惠金融发展指数,并进行了进一步分析。研究表明,五年间我国县域数字普惠金融总体发展水平持续提升,但回归常态化增长。不同区域和各省间县域数字普惠金融发展不平衡问题依然存在,但差距有所缩小。总体而言,中国县域数字普惠金融服务发展空间巨大,未来各级政府应进一步完善县域数字普惠金融基础设施建设,以及数字普惠金融发展顶层设计和法规政策,并增强对数字普惠金融发展的政策支持力度,健全农村金融服务体系,提高县域人口数字普惠金融素养,加强金融教育和金融健康建设。

Currently,China's county digital inclusive finance has formed a"dual strong driving model of govern-ment and industry",but the overall development level of county digital inclusive finance is still relatively low,with imbalanced development across regions.Based on the business data of WeBank and county-level socioeconomic statistics,this paper constructs an evaluation system for China's county digital inclusive finance development index from three dimensions:service breadth,depth and quality.It measures the index of 1,766 counties(county-level cities and banners)in China from 2017 to 2021,and conducts further analysis.The study shows that over the five years,the overall development level of China’s county digital inclusive finance continued to improve but returned to normalized growth.The imbalanced development across regions and provinces still exists but the gap has narrowed.Overall,there is huge room for China to develop county digital inclusive financial services.Going forward,governments at all levels should further improve county digital inclusive financial infrastructure,top-level design and regulations,strengthen policy support for digital inclusive finance,improve rural financial service system,raise digital financial literacy of county residents,and strengthen financial education and wellbeing.