从“体阴用阳”认识脾病病机与证候特征

Understanding the pathogenesis and syndrome characteristics of spleen disease from‘body yin using yang’

脾脏阴阳属性与生理功能最早载于《黄帝内经》,清代医家提出“脾之体阴而用则阳”。脾之体即脾脏及其所蕴含精、气、营、血等物质,属性为阴;脾之用即脾脏所附属经络、形体、官窍及所发挥的生命功能活动,属性为阳。体阴居内,善藏营舍意,化生气血以充实经络、肌腠及卫表等;用阳达外,运行气血营卫,形成不同层次屏障以保护内在脏腑。分析脾病发生发展过程中脾脏体阴与阳用的病机与证候,有助于临床对脾病证候演变过程的动态辨识与掌握证候特征,达到早期诊断与有效治疗的目的。

The properties and physiological functions of yin and yang of spleen were first recorded in Huangdi Neijing.Doctors in Qing dynasty proposed that‘the body of spleen should be yin while the use of spleen should be yang’.The body of the spleen and its essence,qi,ying,blood and other substances,attribute is yin;The use of the spleen refers to the meridians attached to the spleen,the official orifices and the life function activities played by the spleen,attribute is yang.Spleen yin is inside,hidden camp meaning,to enrich the meridians,muscles and skin;The spleen yang is outside,running qi and blood,forming different levels of barriers to protect the internal organs.Analysis of the pathogenesis and syndromes of spleen yin and yang is helpful to the dynamic identification of the evolution of spleen syndrome and to grasp the characteristics of the syndromes,so as to achieve the purpose of early diagnosis and effective treatment.