《圣济总录》米饮的药食应用研究

Study on the medicinal and edible application of Miyin in Shengji Zonglu

米饮即米汤,作为药食两用之品,在中医疾病防治中发挥特殊作用。《圣济总录》米饮应用甚多,按其组成成分的不同,分为单味米饮和复合米饮。单味米饮作方剂、药引及赋形剂用,有益气补中、固肠止泻、养阴生津等功效,多用治霍乱病,脾、肺、肾病及出血证。复合米饮仅作药引用,其在米中简单增加姜、盐、麝香等气味芳香或具调味作用的药物,附增了所添药物的走窜之性及止呕、祛风、开窍等功效,并以其“多引”的配伍特色,极大程度地提高疗效,同时还可矫味矫臭,改善中药口感。

Miyin is rice decoction,as a medicinal and edible product,plays a special role in the prevention and treatment of diseases in traditional Chinese medicine.Miyin is widely used in Shengji Zonglu,which is divided into single Miyin and compound Miyin according to their different components.Single Miyin is used as a prescription,drug introduction and excipient.With its functions of supplementing qi and tonifying the middle,consolidating intestines and stopping diarrhea,nourishing yin and promoting fluid,they are mostly used for cholera,spleen,lung,kidney disease and bleeding syndrome.Compound Miyin is used as drug introduction only.By simply adding ginger,salt,musk and other aromatic or flavoring drugs in rice,the channeling nature of the added drugs and the effects of antiemetic,dispelling wind,and resuscitation are added.With its compatibility characteristics of'multiple introductions',the curative effect of the prescription is greatly improved,and the taste and odor can be corrected,and the taste of Chinese medicine can be improved.