煤基炭材料制备技术研究及展望

Research and prospect on the preparation technology of coal-based carbon materials

在能源安全和环境污染的双重压力下,发展煤基炭材料是实现煤炭清洁高效利用,助力实现“碳达峰”和“碳中和”目标的有效途径。煤炭由于储量丰富、碳含量高、具有特殊的芳香结构等特点使其在合成炭材料方面表现巨大潜力。主要综述了煤基炭材料如活性炭、碳点、碳纳米管、石墨烯、碳纳米纤维等的制备技术和应用,并展望了煤基炭材料发展趋势。

Under the pressure of energy security and environmental pollution,the development of coal-based carbon materials is an effective way to realize the clean and efficient utilization of coal and help achieve the goals of carbon emissions peak and carbon neutrality.Due to its abundant reserves,high carbon content and specific aromatic structure,coal has great potential in the synthesis of carbon materials.In this paper,the preparation technologies and applications of coal-based carbon materials,including activated carbon,carbon dots,carbon nanotubes,graphene,carbon nanofibers and so on,were mainly reviewed.Moreover,the future development trend of coal-based carbon materials was discussed.