数字化转型如何影响企业进口?

How does Digital Transformation Affect Enterprise Imports?

在新发展格局背景下,数字化赋能外贸发展成为实现高质量国际循环的关键抓手。文章采用2007~2016年中国上市公司数据和中国海关数据的合并样本,系统研究了数字化转型在企业进口贸易中的作用。研究发现,数字化转型显著扩大了企业进口规模,促进了企业进口产品质量的提升。异质性分析发现,数字化转型对企业进口的影响会因企业所有制、企业所在地区、贸易方式以及产品类型的不同而不同;作用渠道方面,数字化转型主要通过融资约束缓解效应和生产率提升效应促进企业进口增量提质,并且数字化转型同时通过扩展边际与集约边际的渠道促进了企业进口产品质量提升;拓展分析发现,数字化转型促进了企业进口可能性和进口产品种类的增加,并且数字普惠金融的发展在数字化转型影响企业进口中发挥了积极的调节作用。文章拓展了企业进口行为影响因素的研究视角,对于推动中国数字经济与进口贸易融合发展具有较强的现实意义。

In the context of the new development pattern,digital empowerment of foreign trade development has become a key lever to achieve high-quality international circulation.Based on the matching data between the data of Chinese listed companies and the data of Chinese customs from 2007 to 2016,this paper deeply examines the impact of digital transformation on enterprises'import trade and its mechanism.The results show that the digital transformation has significantly expanded the import scale of enterprises and improved the quality of imported products.Heterogeneity analysis shows that the impact of digital transformation on enterprises'import behavior will be significantly different due to different ownership of enterprises,regions where enterprises are located in,trade modes and product types.In terms of function channels,digital transformation mainly promotes the quality improvement of enterprises'import increment through the mitigation effect of financing constraints and productivity improvement effect.Finally,the expansion analysis finds that the digital transformation increased the possibility of enterprises'imports,increased the types of imported products of enterprises,and the development of digital inclusive finance played a positive role in regulating the impact of digital transformation on enterprises'imports.This article expands the research perspective on the influencing factors of enterprise import behavior,and has profound practical significance for promoting the integration and development of China's digital economy and import trade.