温度对短额负蝗生长发育与繁殖力的影响

Effects of Temperature on Development and Fecundity of Atractomorpha sinensis(Orthoptera:Pyrgomorphidae)

为探究温度对短额负蝗(Atractomorpha sinensis)种群生长发育和繁殖的影响,以大豆叶片为食物,在恒温16,20,24,28和32℃,相对湿度70%,光周期16L∶8D条件下,系统饲养观测短额负蝗(广东广州种群)各虫态的发育历期、发育速率、存活率等,根据逻辑斯蒂模型和拉格朗日中值定理推算其种群生长发育适宜温区和最适温度,并通过组建实验种群生命表分析其种群内禀增长率等生态学指标。结果表明:短额负蝗广州种群各虫态的发育历期随温度的升高而缩短,发育速率加快,24℃下若虫期存活率最高,为64.01%,其种群生长发育较适宜温区为16.14~35.02℃,最适温度为25.58℃。在试验温度下,短额负蝗种群单雌平均产卵量在28℃时最高,为62.00粒·雌虫^(-1);20℃时最低,为40.00粒·雌虫-1,16℃时不能完成个体发育。24℃最接近其种群世代最适环境温度,其内禀增长率(rm)、净增值率(R0)及种群趋势指数(I)均最高。

To explore the effects of temperature on the growth and fecundity of Atractomorpha sinensis population.By using soybean leaves as the food source,we observed the growth and development process of various developmental stages of population of A.sinensis from Guangzhou,Guangdong(GZ)under the conditions of different constant temperatures(16,20,24,28 and 32℃),RH70%and a photoperiod of 16L∶8D,evaluated the variations in the developmental duration,developmental rates and survival rates.According to the logistic model and Lagrange mean value theorem,the suitable temperature range and optimum temperature for the growth and development of the population were calculated,and the ecological indexes such as the Intrinsic rate of increase of the population were analyzed by establishing the life table of the experimental population.The results showed that the developmental duration of each stage of A.sinensis population was shortened with the increase of temperature,and the developmental rates were accelerated.The survival rate of nymph stage was the highest at 24℃,which was 64.01%.The suitable temperature zones for the growth and development of A.sinensis was 16.14-35.02℃,and the optimal temperature was 25.58℃.Under the experimental temperature,the average fecundity of single female of A.sinensis population was the highest at 28℃,which was 62.00 eggs/female,the lowest value was 40.00 eggs/female at 20℃,and population could not complete their generation at 16℃.24℃was the closest to the optimal ambient temperature of its population generation,and its intrinsic growth rate(rm),net reproduction rate(R0)and population trend index(I)were the highest.