政府外部治理、存款保险与银行风险承担

External Governance of Government,Deposit Insurance and Bank Risk⁃Taking

为保证社会公众利益,规范银行业经营,我国于2015年建立了存款保险制度。在存款保险制度之外,政府部门通过公共环境治理、政府干预及政企关系,也发挥着对银行经营的外部治理作用。本文选取2011~2021年我国93家商业银行的公开数据,通过中介效应模型分析了政府外部治理与存款保险制度对银行风险承担的作用机制,并对存款保险制度下政府外部治理如何影响银行风险承担展开进一步探讨。研究发现,政府通过提升公共治理环境,有效缓解了存款保险制度对银行风险承担的负面效应,而政府干预及政企关系等政府直接行为,虽然同样能够缓解存款保险制度的负面效应但作用效果有限。同时,在存款保险制度下,政府外部治理的正面效应可以有效提升银行的风险承担能力,而负面效应对银行风险承担的影响并不显著。本文研究有助于厘清存款保险制度下,政府外部治理与银行风险承担之间的关系,并为地方政府的金融稳定工作提供具有理论支撑和经验依据的政策参考。

In order to ensure the public interest and standardize the operation of the banking industry,China established the de⁃posit insurance system in 2015.Besides the deposit insurance system,government departments also play external governance roles in bank operation through public environmental governance,government intervention and government⁃enterprise relations.This pa⁃per selects the public data of 93 commercial banks in China from 2011 to 2021,analyzes the mechanism for government external governance and the deposit insurance system to function on bank risk⁃taking by the mediating effect model,and further discusses how government external governance affects bank risk⁃taking under the deposit insurance system.The study finds that the govern⁃ment effectively mitigates the negative effects of the deposit insurance system on bank risk⁃taking by improving the public govern⁃ance environment,while the direct government behaviors such as government intervention and government⁃enterprise relations could also alleviate the negative effects of the deposit insurance system,but the effects are limited.At the same time,under the deposit insurance system,the positive effects of government external governance could effectively improve the risk⁃taking ability of banks,while the negative effects have no significant impact on bank risk⁃taking.This study helps to clarify the relationship be⁃tween government external governance and bank risk⁃taking under the deposit insurance system,and provides a policy reference with theoretical support and empirical basis for the financial stability work of local governments.