高危HPV感染者宫颈癌认知程度及接种人乳头瘤病毒疫苗的预防效果

Cognitive level of cervical cancer in high-risk HPV infected individuals and the preventive effect of receiving human papillomavirus vaccine

目的 探讨高危人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染者宫颈癌认知程度及接种HPV疫苗的预防效果。方法 选取1350例宫颈癌筛查女性为研究对象,通过二代杂交捕获法检测筛查出482例高危HPV感染者,并对其进行宫颈癌认知程度调查。根据自愿原则,将147例同意接种HPV疫苗者纳入研究组,335例不同意接种HPV疫苗者纳入对照组,跟踪随访48个月,比较两组宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)、HPV16/18机会性感染及HPV持续性感染发生率。结果 482例高危HPV感染者的宫颈癌年龄分布知晓率最高(64.94%),其次为宫颈癌筛查重要性(53.53%),其他相关知识知晓率相对较低;Logistic回归分析显示,家庭收入、受教育程度、婚姻状况、居住地、年龄是高危HPV感染者宫颈癌认知程度的影响因素;研究组CINⅠ~Ⅱ级、HPV持续性感染、HPV16/18机会性感染发生率分别为0、1.36%、3.40%,明显低于对照组的4.78%、10.15%、16.42%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 高危HPV感染者的宫颈癌认知程度相对较低,且存在诸多影响因素,接种HPV疫苗可起到有效预防作用。

Objective To explore the cognitive level of cervical cancer in high-risk human papillomavirus(HPv)infected individuals and the preventive effect of receiving HPV vaccine.Methods 1350 women screened for cervical cancer were selected as the research subjects,and 482 high-risk HPV infected individuals were screened through second-generation hybridization capture method,and their awareness of cervical cancer was investigated.According to the voluntary principle,147 patients who agreed to receive HPV vaccine were included in the study group,and 335 patients who did not agree to receive HPV vaccine were included in the control group.A follow-up of 48 months was conducted to compare the incidence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN),HPV 16/18 opportunistic infection,and HPV persistent infection,Results The age distribution awareness rate of cervical cancer among 482 high-risk HPV infected individuals was the highest(64.94%),followed by the importance of cervical cancer screening(53.53%),and the awareness rate of other related knowledge was relatively low;Logistic regression analysis shows that family income,education level,marital status,place of residence,and age are influencing factors on the cognitive level of cervical cancer in high-risk HPV infected individuals;The incidence rates of CIN gradeⅠ~Ⅱ,HPV persistent infection,and HPV 16/18 opportunistic infection in the study group were 0,1.36%,and 3.40%,respectively,significantly lower than the control group's 4.78%,10.15%,and 16.42%,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion The cognitive level of cervical cancer in high-risk HPV infected individuals is relatively low,and there are many influencing factors.Vaccination with HPV can play an effective preventive role.