3D打印技术在发育性髋关节异常畸形矫形治疗中的应用

Application of 3D printing technique in the treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip

目的分析3D打印技术在发育性髋关节异常畸形矫形治疗中的应用价值。方法选取2019年1月至2022年12月固原市人民医院收治的进行矫形治疗的40例发育性髋关节异常畸形患儿作为研究对象,均行手术治疗,将其按照数字表法分为对照组与观察组,每组20例。对照组采取常规术前测量与设计,观察组则采用3D打印技术测量与设计。对比两组的手术情况、患髋解剖学参数及术后1年髋关节功能优良率。结果观察组手术时间、术中X射线透视次数、术中出血量均少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1周,观察组的臼头指数、臼顶角、中心边缘角、髋臼Sharp角均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后随访1年,观察组髋关节功能优良率(100.00%,19/20)与对照组(95.00%,19/20)比较,差异未见统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.026,P=0.311>0.05)。结论3D打印技术在发育性髋关节异常畸形矫形治疗中可缩短患儿的手术时间,减少术中X射线透视次数和出血量,促使患髋获得精准复位,预后效果良好。

Objective To analyze the application value of 3D printing technology in the orthopedic treatment of developmental hip anomalies.Methods From January 2019 to December 2022,40 children with developmental dysplasia of the hip who were admitted to Guyuan People’s Hospital for orthopedic treatment were selected as the study subjects.All of them were treated with surgery.They were divided into control group and observation group according to the number table,with 20 cases in each group.The control group underwent routine preoperative measurement and design,while the observation group underwent 3D printing technology measurement and design.The surgical conditions,anatomical parameters of the affected hip,and the excellent and good hip joint function rate one year after surgery between the two groups were compared.Results The observation group had lower surgical time,intraoperative X-ray fluoroscopy frequency,and intraoperative bleeding compared to the control group,with significant differences(P<0.05).One week after surgery,the observation group had better acetabular head index,acetabular vertex angle,central edge angle,and acetabular sharp angle than the control group,with significant differences(P<0.05).After 1 year of postoperative follow-up,the excellent and good rate of hip joint function in the observation group(100.00%,19/20)was compared with that in the control group(95.00%,19/20),the difference was not significant(χ^(2)=1.026,P=0.311>0.05).Conclusions 3D printing technology in the orthopedic treatment of developmental hip anomalies can shorten the operating time of children,reduce the number of intraoperative X-ray fluoroscopy frequency and bleeding,and promote precise repositioning of the affected hip,with good prognosis.