高等职业教育经济贡献率的时空差异——基于2000—2020年面板数据的分析

Spatio-Temporal Difference of Economic Contribution Rate of Higher Vocational Education——Based on Panel Datafrom 2000-2020

在知识经济时代,教育对经济发展的支撑作用日益增强,教育经济贡献率的测算成为重要研究内容。以C-D函数为基础,利用2000—2020年我国31个省的面板数据,在通过回归分析法对β值进行测算的基础上,计算高等职业教育经济贡献率。结果表明:我国高等职业教育对经济增长的贡献率为0.62%,贡献率大小在空间上呈现东、中、西部反向“√”状差异;在时间上呈现波动性,分别在2003年、2010—2011年、2015年三个阶段达到高峰。这种时空差异受到国家政策、高职教育经费投入、高职院校专业与产业匹配程度等因素的共同影响。为进一步提升高等职业教育的经济贡献率,应加强统筹规划,推进高等职业教育整体协调发展;深化产教融合,提升高等职业教育和地区产业的适配性;完善省域体系,推进区域高等职业教育内涵式发展。

In the era of knowledge economy,the supporting role of education on economic development is increasing,and the measurement of the contribution rate of education economy has become an important research content.Based on the C-D function,the economic contribution rate of higher vocational education was calculated based on the panel data of 31 provinces from 2000 to 2020,and by measuring theβvalue through regression analysis.The results show that the contribution rate of higher vocational education to economic growth in China is 0.62%,and the contribution rate shows a reverse J"diference in the eastern,central and western regions.It shows volatility in time,peaking in three stages:2003,2010,2011 and 2015.This temporal and spatial dfference is affected by factors such as national policies,investment in higher vocational education,the number and scale of higher vocational colleges,and the degree of matching between college majors and regional industries.In order to further improve the economic contribution rate of higher vocational education,we need to give sufficient policy guarantees,improve the quality of talent training in colleges and universities,increase investment in higher vocational funds,enhance the adaptability of higher vocational education and regional industries,and promote the high-quality development of higher vocational education.