摘要
毛细管电色谱(CEC)因兼具高效液相色谱(HPLC)的高选择性和毛细管电泳(CE)的高分离效率而受到越来越多研究者的关注。在毛细管电色谱中,选择合适的固定相材料对获得优异的分离效果起着十分重要的作用。近年来,多种新型材料如氧化石墨烯、蛋白质、金属有机框架(MOFs)及共价有机框架(COFs)等被作为固定相应用于毛细管电色谱领域以期获得更好的分离性能,同时拓展毛细管电色谱的应用范围。其中,COFs因具有孔隙率高、比表面积大、高稳定性、孔径可调和可设计性强等独特性质,在毛细管电色谱领域显示出了巨大的应用前景。鉴于此,本文对2016-2023年间COFs在毛细管电色谱领域的研究进展进行了综述,包括COFs毛细管电色谱柱的分类和制备方法,以及基于COFs固定相的毛细管电色谱技术在环境内分泌干扰物、农药、芳香族化合物、氨基酸及药物分离领域中的应用及分离机理等内容。最后对发展基于COFs固定相的毛细管电色谱应努力解决的问题和该技术未来的发展方向进行了分析和展望。
Capillary electrochromatography(CEC)has received increased attention from the academic community because it combines the excellent selectivity of high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)and the high efficiency of capillary electrophoresis(CE).Selecting the most appropriate stationary phase material is crucial to achieve better separation effects in CEC.In recent years,a considerable number of materials,such as graphene oxide,proteins,metal organic frameworks,and covalent organic frameworks(COFs),have been widely used as stationary phases in CEC to further improve its separation performance and extend its scope of potential applications.Among these materials,COFs have shown great application prospects in CEC owing to their unique properties,which include high porosity,large surface area,excellent stability,tunable pore size,and high designability of the framework structure.This review systematically summarizes published papers on the development and application of COFs in CEC from 2016 to 2023.First,two COF-based capillary columns(i.e.,open-tube CEC columns and monolithic CEC columns)and their preparation methods are introduced.Second,the applications of CEC based on COF stationary phases in the separation of environmental endocrine disruptors,pesticides,aromatic compounds,amino acids,and drugs,particularly chiral drugs,are systematically summarized.The separation mechanism of CEC based on COF stationary phases is also introduced.At present,the good separation ability of COF-based CEC is mainly attributed to two factors:1)The size exclusion effect of the pores of the COF stationary phase.Because of differences in the sizes of their organic molecular building units and side chains,COFs have varying pore sizes and topological structures.Thus,target analytes smaller than the pores of the COFs can enter the frameworks and interact with them during separation.On the other hand,target analytes larger than the pores of the COFs cannot enter the frameworks and interact with them during separation;thus,they can be separated.2)The interactions between the target analytes and side chains(e.g.,hydrophobic interactions,hydrogen bonding,π-πinteractions,etc.)of the COFs.Since COFs usually contain alkyl side chains,aromatic structures,and oxygen and/or nitrogen atoms with high electronegativity,various interactions could occur between the COFs and target analytes.Finally,directions for the future development and strategic application of CEC based on COF stationary phases are proposed.We believe that future research in CEC based on COF stationary phases should focus on the following aspects:1)The use of cheminformatics to design and construct COFs to improve the efficiency of COF capillary column preparation;2)the development of milder methods to synthesize COFs that can meet the requirements of high performance COF capillary columns;and 3)in-depth research to explore the separation mechanism of CEC based on COF stationary phases to provide theoretical guidance for developing CEC methods suitable for the separation and analysis of complex samples.
作者
王国秀
陈永雷
吕文娟
陈宏丽
陈兴国
WANG Guoxiu;CHEN Yonglei;L Wenjuan;CHEN Hongli;CHEN Xingguo(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Beijing Products Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute,Beijing 101300,China)
出处
《色谱》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第10期835-842,共8页
Chinese Journal of Chromatography
基金
国家自然科学基金(21675068,21705064).
关键词
共价有机框架
毛细管电色谱
分离
固定相
综述
covalent organic frameworks
capillary electrochromatography(CEC)
separation
stationary phases
review