光催化降解喹诺酮类抗生素的研究进展

Research progress on photocatalytic degradation of quinolone antibiotics

喹诺酮类抗生素的大量排放对人体健康和生态环境产生了严重危害。光催化降解可将喹诺酮类抗生素转化为易于生物降解的化合物或者毒性较小的无机分子。掺杂或构建异质结等方式可以提高光催化剂的稳定性、扩大激发光波长范围及抑制光生电子-空穴对的复合。综述了光催化的基本原理、常用半导体光催化材料的特性及其对几种常见喹诺酮类抗生素(环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、左氧氟沙星等)的降解。总结了不同光催化材料降解喹诺酮类抗生素的效率,分析了光催化材料产生自由基的机制及抗生素降解的中间产物。针对光催化法面临的一些问题提出了未来的研究方向:完善光催化降解反应的处理工艺,降低材料自身的潜在风险;探索高效光催化剂的合成方法,减少光催化材料的使用局限性;加快新型光催化剂的研发等。

The massive release of quinolone antibiotics poses a serious risk to human health and the ecological environment.Photocatalytic degradation can convert quinolone antibiotics into easily biodegradable compounds or less toxic inorganic molecules.Doping or construction of heterojunctions can improve the stability of photocatalysts,expand the wavelength range of excitation light and inhibit the compounding of photogenerated electron-hole pairs.The basic principles of photocatalysis,properties of commonly used semiconductor photocatalytic materials and their degradation of several common quinolone antibiotics(ciprofloxacin,norfloxacin,levofloxacin,etc.) were reviewed.The efficiency of different photocatalytic materials on degrading quinolone antibiotics was summarized,and the mechanism of free radical generation by photocatalytic materials and the intermediate products of antibiotic degradation were analyzed.Future research directions were proposed for some problems faced by photocatalytic method,including improving the treatment process of photocatalytic degradation reaction and reducing the potential risk of the materials themselves,exploring the synthesis methods of efficient photocatalysts and reducing the limitations of the use of photocatalytic materials,and accelerating the research and development of new photocatalysts.