论克伯屈的项目学习哲学

On Kilpatrick’s Philosophy of Project-Based Learning

克伯屈是项目学习哲学的创立者,主张“项目”是学生在社会环境中从事的热情的目的性活动,旨在让学生在学校中过有价值的生活,发展思维能力和道德品格。项目学习的类型以“物质性项目”为核心。项目课程的实施需要以学生为主体确立目的和计划,执行计划并对实施过程进行判断。克伯屈的项目学习哲学在21世纪数字化时代具有重要价值,它能帮助我们摆脱项目学习的技术化和简单化倾向,让项目学习成为发展核心素养的基本方式,让学生通过完成项目而创造自我。

William Head Kilpatrick,the founder of project-based learning,advocated that projects are the enthusiastic and purposeful activities in which students engage in a social environment and are designed to enable students to lead productive lives,and develop thinking abilities and moral characters.The types of project-based learning are centered on the material-form projects.As to the implementation of project-based curriculum,it is students who set goals,make plans,execute the plans and judge the implementation process.Kilpatrick’s philosophy of project-based learning is of great value in the digital age of 21st century,helping us to get rid of the technicalization and simplification of project-based learning,to make project-based learning a fundamental way of developing core competences,so that students can create themselves by accomplishing various projects.