车载微波辐射计移动大气走航观测实验及初步应用

Vehicle-mounted Microwave Radiometer Mobile Atmospheric Observation Experiment and Preliminary Application

地基多通道微波辐射计能够实现大气温湿度廓线参数的实时观测与反演,在大气探测中已经得到广泛的应用。受观测方式和数据反演算法的限制,目前主要应用于地面固定站点上空的大气参数遥感探测,无法实现大气参数的移动观测。尝试将自主研制的地基多通道微波辐射计进行改进并安装在车载平台上,对车载微波辐射计移动大气观测可行性进行了验证。实验结果表明车载微波辐射计移动观测是可行的。利用车载移动走航观测数据,对西安城市热岛效应和对流有效位能(CAPE)进行了分析。结果表明,移动走航观测能够用于观测城市热岛效应,西安中心区域比郊区温度高1.0℃左右,城市中心的大气对流有效位能比郊区高1000~2000 J/kg。

Ground-based multichannel microwave radiometer(GMR)can be used to observe and retrieve atmospheric temperature and humidity profiles,it has been widely used in atmospheric observation.However,due to the limitation of the observation mode and data retrieve method,GMR is only used for the atmospheric observation at a fixed station,it cannot be used for the mobile observation for atmosphere.In order to observe the atmosphere profiles by using the vehicle-mounted GMR,an independently developed GMR was improved and installed on the vehicle platform,the feasibility of mobile atmospheric observation technology was studied by using the vehicle-mounted GMR.The results show that the mobile observation technology is feasible by using the vehicle-mounted GMR.In addition,we used the vehicle-mounted observation data to analyze the urban heat island and convective available potential energy(CAPE)at Xi'an,China.The results show that the urban heat island effect could be observed by mobile observation.The temperature in the central of Xi'an is about 1℃higher than that in the suburbs,and the CAPE is also 1000~2000 J/kg higher than that in the suburbs.These results lay a foundation for the mobile observation and application of vehicle-mounted GMR.