硫铁矿烧渣资源化利用研究进展

Research progress in resource utilization of pyrite cinder

硫铁矿烧渣是制酸工业产生的固体废弃物,其大量堆存不仅破坏了生态环境,还浪费了其中的宝贵资源。烧渣的“再利用、再循环、减量化”(3R)技术和方法对其综合利用至关重要。从原料化和材料化两个方面综述了烧渣资源化利用研究现状。烧渣原料化主要是指回收其中的铁、铜、铅、锌、钴、银、金等有价金属;而材料化主要是指利用其中的铁和铝硅酸盐等组分制备功能性材料,如建筑材料和化工材料等。提铁降杂和有价元素的综合回收以及多用途、再循环功能性材料的研发是未来硫铁矿烧渣资源化利用研究的重点方向。

Pyrite cinder is a solid waste generated from the acid manufacturing industry.Large amount of stockpiles of such a waste not only damages the ecological surroundings but also results in wastes of valuables contained in the cinders.The"reuse,recycling,and reduction"(3R)technologies and approaches are crucial to comprehensive utilization of the pyrite cinder.In this article the current research status of resource utilization of pyrite cinders in two routes was summarized:one is to be utilized as raw materials from which valuable metals such as iron,copper,lead,zinc,cobalt,silver and gold were recycled,another was subjected to preparation of functional materials like building mate-rials and chemical materials by using such components as iron and aluminosilicate contained in the cinder.The iron upgrading with removal of impurities,comprehensive recovery of valuable components and the development of multipurpose and recycling-based functional materials are the highlights for conducting future research work on the resource utilization of pyrite cinder.