医学研究生新生领导力与领悟社会支持对心理健康的影响机制及心理健康教育建议

The Mechanism and Countermeasures of Medical Graduate Freshmen's Leadership and Perceived Social Support on Mental Health

目的探讨医学研究生新生的领导力、领悟社会支持与心理健康之间的关系,为改进医学研究生的心理健康教育提供依据。方法对中山大学附属第一医院(以下简称“我院”)2022级571名研究生新生进行学生领导力实践行为自测量表(SLPI-Self)、领悟社会支持量表和广泛性焦虑障碍量表(GAD-7)、抑郁症状群量表(PHQ-9)集体测试,并进行统计分析。结果用GAD-7量表进行的筛查结果显示,焦虑检出人数104例,检出率为18.2%;用PHQ-9量表进行的筛查结果显示,抑郁检出人数95例,检出率为16.6%。研究生新生领导力、领悟社会支持与心理健康三者之间相互存在显著相关(P<0.01);领悟社会支持在研究生新生领导力对心理健康的影响中发挥部分中介作用(β=-0.331,P<0.001)。结论领导力对心理健康的影响是一种积极心理品质增益机制,医学院校可以通过开设针对性强的医学生领导力教育课程,尤其是加强领导力的实践教育,从而有效提高医学研究生心理健康水平。

Objective To explore the relationship between leadership,perceived social support,and mental health of medical graduate freshmen,so as to provide basis for improving mental health education of medical graduate students.Methods 571 medical graduate freshmen from the First Affliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University(hereinafter referred to as our hospital)in 2022 were tested with the Student Leadership Practices Inventory-Self Instrumen(SLPI-Self),the Perceived Social Support Scale,the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 Scale(GAD-7),and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Scale(PHQ-9),then statistically analyzed.Results The screening results with GAD-7 scale showed that 104 cases of anxiety were detected,the detection rate was 18.2%;the screening results with PHQ-9 scale showed that 95 cases of depression were detected,with a detection rate of 16.6%.There was a significant correlation between leadership,perceived social support and mental health(P<0.01);perceived social support plays a part of intermediary role in the influence of leadership on mental health(β=-0.331,P<0.001).Conclusion The influence of leadership on mental health is a positive psychological quality gain mechanism.Medical schools can effectively improve the level of mental health of new medical graduates by offering highly targeted leadership education courses for medical students,especially by strengthening the practical education of leadership.