增强乡村教师留任意愿的社会支持研究

On Social Support of Enhancing the Willingness of Rural Teachers'Retention

社会支持是影响乡村教师留任意愿的重要因素。专业支持、情感支持与经济支持等策略可以缓解和降低教师在乡村学校任教时面对的专业资本不足、文化不适应等问题导致的压力与焦虑,在提升乡村教师留任意愿方面具有不可替代的作用。研究发现,乡村教师留任意愿与专业支持、情感支持、经济支持显著正相关;作为独立因素,情感支持与专业支持对乡村教师留任意愿的影响力较大,而经济支持的影响力相对较小;在不同教育背景下,情感支持都是影响力最大的因素。因此,可以通过提供强有力的专业支持,为教师在乡村学校任教积累有效的专业资本;加强情感支持力度,提升教师在乡村学校任教的舒适度;制定恰当合理的经济支持政策,弥补城乡空间差异产生的乡村教师利益损失,以此来增强乡村教师留任意愿。

Social support is an important factor affecting the intention of rural teachers'reten-tion.Strategies such as professional support,emotional support and financial support and so on can alleviate and reduce the stress and anxiety caused by problems such as the lack of professional capi-tal and cultural maladjustment when teaching in rural schools,which plays an irreplaceable role in improving the willingness of rural teachers'retention.The study found that the willingness of rural teachers'retention was significantly positively correlated with professional support,emotional support and economic support;as an independent factor,emotional support and professional support have a greater influence on the willingness of rural teachers'retention,while the influence of economic sup-port is relatively small;in different educational backgrounds,emotional support is the most influential factor.Therefore,in order to enhance the willingness of rural teachers'retention,we can accumulate effective professional capital for rural teachers by providing strong professional support,improve the comfort of teachers in rural schools by strengthening emotional support,and formulate appropriate and reasonable economic support policies to make up for the loss of benefits caused by urban and ru-ral spatial differences.