合法性与能动性:高职院校混合所有制办学的困境与出路

Legitimacy and Initiative:Dilemmas and Solutions in the Mixed Ownership Operation of Vocational Colleges

高职院校混合所有制办学是职业教育发展过程中出现的一种新模式、新形态,有利于增强办学活力、深化产教融合,然而相关试点高职院校在推进过程中面临较大的现实困境。基于新制度主义视角对高职院校混合所有制办学困境的分析发现:法律政策等规制性要素不足导致了办学定位模糊的困境;治理结构和机制的参照标准等规范性要素不足导致了治理低效的困境;共同观念等文化—认知性要素不足导致了多元主体内生动力不足的困境。高职院校可通过实践行动发挥探路者对制度环境的能动性形塑,获取更大的混合所有制办学合法性,在一定程度上缓解混合所有制办学的现实困境。

The mixed ownership operation of vocational colleges is a new model and a new form,emerged in the development of vocational education.It is beneficial for enhancing the vitality of education and deepening the integration of industry and education.However,vocational colleges involved in relevant pilot programs face significant practical challenges during the implementation process.Based on the perspective of new institutionalism,this paper analyzes the dilemmas of mixed ownership operation in vocational colleges.Insufficient regulatory factors,such as legal policies,have created ambiguity in the positioning of educational institutions.Inadequate normative factors,including governance structures and mechanisms,have led to inefficient governance.Insufficient cultural-cognitive factors,such as shared perspectives,have resulted in a lack of intrinsic motivation among diverse stakeholders.Vocational colleges can play the subjective initiative to shape the institutional environment through practical actions,thereby gaining greater legitimacy for mixed ownership operation and alleviating the practical challenges they face.