生态环境损害赔偿制度问题研究

Research on the system of compensation for eco-environmental damage

我国的生态环境保护形势严峻,损害赔偿制度“重赔偿,轻修复”,伴随着赔偿的范围不清晰、标准不统一的难题,已对生态环境的救济产生不利影响。本文从生态环境损害赔偿制度的体系定位出发,梳理生态环境赔偿制度的立法发展历程,分析制度进一步构建的现实困境,为其提出优化建议和改革路径,着重明确生态环境损害赔偿制度的归责原则、启动条件、诉讼范围,建立统一的评估体系,加快推进完善生态损害赔偿制度与环境公益诉讼制度的衔接,体系化解决环境问题,维护环境公共利益。

The ecological environment protection situation in China is severe.The damage compensation system emphasizes"heavy compensation and light restoration",accompanied by the unclear scope of compensation and non-unified standards,which has produced adverse impacts on remedy of ecological environment.Based on the systematic positioning of the ecological environmental damage compensation system,this paper sorts out the legislative development process of the ecological environmental compensation system,analyzes the practical difficulties in further establishing the system,and puts forward optimization suggestions and reform paths for the system.It focuses on clarifying the principles of liability,initiation conditions and scope of litigation of the ecological environmental damage compensation system,establishing a unified assessment system,accelerating the connection between the improvement of the ecological damage compensation system and the system of public interest litigation for the environment,systematically solving environmental problems and safeguarding public interests in the environment.