信息科技企业引领农业主体数字化转型发展——基于H省L县5G智慧辣椒种植基地的分析

Information Technology Enterprises Lead the Development of Digital Transformation of Agricultural Farms——Analysis of 5G Smart Pepper Planting Base in L County,H Province

农业数字化转型既是数字技术在农业部门的推广应用,也是整个生产系统的管理变革,需要大规模的数字技术装备更新投资和基于数字技术的农场管理平台的构建。基于H省L县5G智慧辣椒种植案例研究探索我国农业数字化转型的可行路径,分析发现,Y公司通过灵活的土地流转合同获得土地使用权,保证了辣椒智慧种植的数字化应用场景;利用自有的资本与技术投资所必需的智能装备,构建了集生产投入、过程监控、风险预警、市场预测等于一体的农场管理平台,沿着由其主导的产品价值链的各个环节为相关参与者提供决策服务;采用利润分成的方式与当地政府和农户共享发展成果,赢得了农民的积极参与。受制于耕地的细碎化与农业产业化发展的不足,在我国现有的情景下,新兴信息科技企业与新型农业经营主体的融合是我国农业数字化转型的可行路径;农场管理平台的决策信息服务为农业生产者提供了适宜接受的数字化技术,是转型的现实模式;数字红利的成果共享为农场主和家庭农户数字化转型提供了参与激励。

The digital transformation of agriculture is not only the promotion and application of digital technology in the agricultural sector,but also the management reform of the agriculture and food production system,which requires large-scale investment in digital technology equipment renewal and the construction of a farm management platform based on digital technology.The authors explore the feasible path of China's agricultural digital transformation based on a case study on 5Genabled smart pepper planting base in L County,H Province.It is found that,first,Y firm obtained land use rights through flexible land transfer contracts,ensuring the digital application scenario of smart pepper planting.second,the firm has invested vast digital equipment and constructed a Farm Management Platform that integrates production inputs,process monitoring,risk warning,and market prediction by self-owned capital and technology for agricultural digital transformation;and all decisionmaking services from the platform can be provided to relevant participants along various links of the Product Value Chain that driven by it.And Third,using profit shared to share development achievements with local governments and farmers so as to encourage farmers to actively participate in.Under the current situation in China,constrained by the fragmentation of cultivated land and the undeveloped agricultural industrialization,the integration of emerging agricultural information technology enterprises and new agricultural business entities is the feasible path for China's agricultural digital transformation;the Farm Management Platform provides suitable digital technology for agricultural producers through the service of decision-making information,which is a realistic model of digital transformation;and the achievement sharing of digital dividend provides farmers and household farmers with incentives to participate in digital transformation.