丘北辣椒绿、紫品种果实产量形成的比较研究

Comparative Study of Fruit Yield Formation of Green and Purple Cultivars of Qiubei Chili

【目的】阐明丘北辣椒绿(文辣6号)、紫(文紫椒1号)品种果实产量及其形成的差异。【方法】用分光光度法检测各阶段果实的总花色苷、可溶性糖、淀粉和可溶性蛋白含量,用消煮法和索氏抽提法分别检测粗纤维和粗脂肪含量,分析各指标间的相关性。【结果】在发育过程中,文紫椒1号果实的总花色苷、可溶性糖、粗纤维和可溶性蛋白含量及单果鲜质量和干质量均显著高于文辣6号果实;淀粉含量在阶段1~4时高于文辣6号果实,在阶段5时低于文辣6号果实;粗脂肪含量在阶段1时低于文辣6号果实,在阶段2~5时高于文辣6号果实;折干率在阶段1和5时高于文辣6号果实,在阶段2~4时低于文辣6号果实。2个品种果实的总花色苷和可溶性糖含量、单果质量及折干率之间的相关性不一致;文紫椒1号的单株结果数和单位面积产量分别比文辣6号低63.01%和60.11%。【结论】丘北辣椒紫色品种的单株结果数和单位面积产量均明显低于绿色品种。

[Purpose]To clarify the differences of the fruit yields and their formations between the green(Wenla No.6)and purple(Wenzijiao No.1)cultivars of Qiubei chili.[Methods]The contents of total anthocyanins,soluble sugars,starches and soluble proteins of the fruits with various developmental stages were determined by using spectrophotometry,the contents of crude fibers and fats by heating digestion and Soxhlet extraction,respectively,and the correlations among the indexes were analyzed.[Results]During development,the contents of total anthocyanins,soluble sugars,crude fibers and soluble proteins of the fruits,and the fresh and dry weights of single fruits of Wenzijiao No.1 were significantly higher than those of Wenla No.6;and the starch contents were higher than those of Wenla No.6 fruits at stage 1-4,but lower than those of Wenla No.6 fruits at stage 5;the crude fat contents were lower than those of Wenla No.6 fruits at stage 1,but higher than those of Wenla No.6 fruits at stage 2-5;and the drying rates(DRs)were higher than those of Wenla No.6 fruits at stage 1 and 5,but lower than those of Wenla No.6 fruits at stage 2-4.The correlations among the contents of total anthocyanins,soluble sugars and so on,the single fruit weights and DRs of the two cultivars were inconsistent.The number of fruit per plant(NFPP)and yield per unit area(YPUA)of Wenzijiao No.1 were about 63.01%and 60.11%lower than those of Wenla No.6,respectively.[Conclusion]For Qiubei chili,the NFPP and YPUA of the purple cultivars are obviously lower than those of the green cultivars.