烟台市中心城区气传花粉调查

Investigation on airborne pollen in the central urban area of Yantai

目的明确烟台市中心城区全年气传花粉的种类、数量、季节分布特点。方法采用重力沉降法对烟台市中心城区2021年1月1日至2021年12月31日气传花粉的种类及含量进行监测,比对2013至2014年数据,了解近8年来气传花粉量的变化。结果全年共监测到2个花粉季,春季树木花粉2-5月,高峰在4-5月,主要为松属(60.83%)、桑科(8.32%)、银杏(5.81%);而夏秋季莠草或杂草花粉6-10月,高峰在8-9月,主要为大麻葎草属(46.13%)、蒿属(32.74%)。与2013至2014年气传花粉数据比对,全年气传花粉量增加5.13倍,其中春季花粉量增长6.9倍,高峰由3月推迟至5月;秋季花粉量增长2.73倍,高峰前移至8月。结论松属、桑科及大麻葎草属、蒿属花粉分别为烟台市中心城区春秋两季主要气传花粉,近8年来烟台市中心城区气传花粉量明显增加,春季高峰期延后,秋季高峰期前移。

Objective To clarify the species,quantity,and seasonal distribution characteristics of airborne pollen in the central urban area of Yantai throughout the year.Methods The gravity sedimentation method was used to monitor the species and content of airborne pollen in the central urban area of Yantai from January 1,2021 to December 31,2021,and the data was compared with that in 2013-2014 to understand the changes of airborne pollen in the past 8 years.Results A total of two pollen peaks were monitored throughout the year.The pollen season of trees was from February to May,and the peak was from April to May,mainly for Pinus(60.83%),Moraceae(8.32%),and Ginkgo(5.81%);Weeds pollen season was from June to October,and the peak was from August to September,mainly including Cannabis Humulus(46.13%)and Artemisia(32.74%)pollens.Compared with the airborne pollen data in 2013-2014,the annual airborne pollen amount in 2021 increased by 5.13 times,the spring pollen amount increased by 6.9 times,and the peak changed from March to May;the autumn pollen amount increased by 2.73 times,and the peak moved to August.Conclusion The pollen of Pinus,Moraceae,Cannabis Humulus,and Artemisia are the main airborne pollen in Yantai downtown area in spring and autumn.In the past 8 years,the amount of airborne pollen in the central urban area of Yantai has increased significantly,the peak period in spring has been delayed,and the peak period in autumn has moved forward.