基于接触摩擦模型汽车盘式制动器场分布分析

Field Distribution Analysis of Automobile Disc Brake Based on Contact Friction Model

汽车制动器制动过程中温度场、应力场等相互耦合,对系统的可靠性具有重要影响。针对应广泛的盘式制动器开展研究,根据制动原理,对影响会制动的关键参数进行分析,并根据车型参数进行验证。采用接触摩擦模型,对制动器的盘、片的热力耦合特性进行分析,建立数学模型,并采用ABAQUS建立仿真模型。选取紧急制动工况,设置制动初速度,获取各种特性参数场的分布规律,并对热力耦合特性进行分析;搭建盘式制动器性能分析台架,选取相同的紧急制动参数,获取整个制动规程中温度变化规律。结果可知:制动盘片接触的过程为非均匀接触,峰值压力为27.47MPa,最高接触应力为123.2MPa,均满足材料强度的使用要求;试验测试结果最高温度为562℃,出现在整个制动过程的结束前0.9s;仿真与试验测试温度变化趋势一致,且误差小于5%,表明摩擦接触模型分析结果是可靠的,为此类研究提供参考。

The temperature field and stress field are coupled with each other in the braking process of automobile brake,which has an important influence on the reliability of the system.Research on disc brakes that should be widely used was carried out.Ac-cording to the principle of braking,the key parameters that affect braking was analyzed,and verified according to the vehicle pa-rameters.The contact friction model was used to analyze the thermal-mechanical coupling characteristics of the brake disc and sheet,and a mathematical model was established,and ABAQUS was used to establish a simulation model.The emergency brak-ing condition was selected,and set the initial braking speed,so the distribution law of various characteristic parameter fields was obtained,and the thermal coupling characteristics was analyzed.A disc brake performance analysis bench was built,and the same emergency braking parameters was selected,so the law of temperature changes in the entire braking procedure was ob-tained.The results show that:the brake disc contact process is non-uniform contact.The peak pressure is 27.47MPa,and the highest contact stress is 123.2MPa,both of which meet the requirements of material strength.Since affected by coupling,the tem-perature distribution is non-axisymmetrical,and the highest temperature reaches 554℃,which appears before the end of brak-ing.The highest temperature of the test result is 562℃,which appears 0.9s before the end of the whole braking process.The tem-perature change trend of simulation and test is consistent,and the error is less than 5%,which shows that the analysis results of the friction contact model are reliable and provide a reference for this kind of research.