论侵犯公民个人信息罪的法益

On The Legal Benefits of The Crime of Infringing on Citizens'Personal Information

侵犯公民个人信息罪保护法益的观点分为超个人法益说和个人法益说,超个人法益说混淆了个人信息和个人数据,并且面临着刑法保护正当性的质疑;个人法益说片面、不具体,在论证中陷入将前置法保护法益直接作为刑法保护法益的误区。法益的分歧根源于学者解读刑法时所坚持的价值立场不同。法秩序统一的内核是目的论的统一,刑法作为保障法,应当确保刑法与前置法在价值立场的统一。个人信息保护体系以保护信息自决权为核心,在法秩序目的论统一的立场下,刑法应当保护信息自决权。信息自决权说不仅能为刑法条文所容纳,而且符合个人信息独立保护的发展趋势,能够实现刑法保护的周延因而具备合理性。

The view of the legal interest of the crime of infringing on citizens’personal information is divided into the suprapersonal legal benefit theory and the personal legal benefit theory,which confuses personal information and personal data,and faces the questioning of the legitimacy of criminal law protection;The theory of individual legal interests is one-sided and unspecific,and in the argumentation,it falls into the misunderstanding of directly treating the legal interests of the pre-existing law as the protection of the legal interests of the criminal law.The divergence between law and interests stems from the different value positions that scholars adhere to when interpreting criminal law.The core of the unification of the legal order is the unity of teleology,and the criminal law,as a guarantee law,should ensure the unity of the value position between the criminal law and the preceding law.The personal information protection system is centered on protecting the right to selfdetermination of information,and under the position of unifying the teleology of the legal order,the criminal law should protect the right to self-determination of information.The theory of the right to self-determination of information can not only be accommodated by criminal law provisions,but also conforms to the development trend of independent protection of personal information,and can realize the comprehensiveness of criminal law protection,so it is reasonable.