遮蔽空间定位导航技术特征分析与发展综述

Overview of characteristics and development of shadowed space positioning and navigation technology

以地下管廊、楼宇室内等为代表的遮蔽空间具有的狭长封闭物理结构以及复杂信道特征,给高精度定位导航带来了巨大挑战.本文针对遮蔽空间典型场景以及技术手段做了梳理和适应性分析,并对遮蔽空间高精度导航定位面临的问题和挑战进行了量化分析,对遮蔽空间定位系统后续发展进行了展望,设计了适用于遮蔽空间复杂环境下规模可伸缩定位导航系统架构.基于超宽带(ultra wide band,UWB)、北斗伪卫星、近超声定位等多模体制形成混合定位网络,可实现遮蔽空间全场景覆盖,相比目前常用的无线电定位系统,本文设计的定位导航系统架构在定位精度、覆盖性能等方面有显著提升.

The long and narrow closed physical structures and complex channel characteristics of sheltered spaces,such as underground pipe corridors and building interiors,pose a significant challenge to high-precision positioning and navigation.This article combs and analyzes the adaptability of typical scenarios and technical means in sheltered space,and quantifies the challenges faced by high-precision navigation and positioning in sheltered space.The future development of sheltered space positioning systems is prospected,and a high-precision positioning and navigation system architecture suitable for complex environments in sheltered space is designed.The network diagram is integrated.A hybrid positioning network is built based on multimode systems such as ultra wide band(UWB),BeiDou pseudo-satellite,and near-ultrasonic positioning to achieve full scene coverage in sheltered space.Compared with currently commonly used radio positioning systems,it has achieved significant improvements in positioning accuracy,coverage performance,and other aspects.