全氟和多氟化合物与其他污染物共存时在地下环境中迁移行为研究进展

Research progress on transport of PFAS coexisting with other contaminants in subsurface environment

全氟和多氟化合物(PFAS)是从20世纪40年代开始使用的一系列持久性有机化合物,因其具有高流动性且对生物和环境有害而备受关注。PFAS在全球范围内的各种环境介质中均有检出,在地下环境中可达到mg/kg或mg/L量级。在某些污染场地土壤或地下水中,PFAS与其他无机(如重金属)或有机污染物(如非水相液体(NAPL)、碳氢表面活性剂)共存,使得这些污染场地中PFAS的迁移行为比单一PFAS体系更为复杂。分别综述了PFAS与重金属、NAPL、碳氢表面活性剂等污染物共存时在地下环境中的迁移行为,阐明共存污染物对PFAS迁移的影响机制,并对影响共存污染物与PFAS相互作用的因素进行总结。目前,共存污染物对PFAS迁移行为影响的研究仍处于初步阶段,这可能是由分析方法的局限所致,后续还需针对复杂场地PFAS迁移机制进行深入研究。

PFAS are a series of persistent organic compounds that have been used since 1940s,which have attracted much attention due to their high mobility,biological and environmental hazards.PFAS have been detected in various environmental media worldwide,and can reach the concentration of mg/kg or mg/L level in subsurface environment.The coexistence of PFAS with other inorganic contaminants(e.g.heavy metals) or organic contaminants(e.g.NAPL and hydrocarbon surfactants) in soil or groundwater at some contaminated sites makes the transport behavior of PFAS at these contaminated sites more complex than that of single PFAS system.This paper reviewed the transport behavior of PFAS in the subsurface environment when coexisting with heavy metals,NAPL and hydrocarbon surfactants,respectively,elucidated the influence mechanism of coexisting contaminants on PFAS transport,and summarized the factors affecting the interaction between coexisting contaminants and PFAS.At present,the study of the effect of coexisting contaminants on the transport behavior of PFAS was still in their infancy,which might be due to the limitation of the analytical methods,and the subsequent in-depth study on the PFAS transport in complex sites was needed.