伊恩·麦克尤恩《坚果壳》中的空间博弈

The Spatial Game in Ian McEwan's Nutshell

《坚果壳》中的空间博弈关注人物依据不同信息对空间进行争夺所产生的角力,空间既是博弈的媒介,也是博弈的目的。空间博弈的建构涵盖了胎儿叙述者对自身及家庭命运的想象,空间博弈的过程反映了具有表演性质的关系脚本对主体间日常关系的损害,而负和博弈的结局折射出“零度移情”对共同福祉造成的阻碍。当理解、协商、承诺变为博弈中可疑的信息,空间就此沦为质疑、争辩、复仇的场域。麦克尤恩通过空间博弈书写聚焦人物间的意见分歧以及人与环境的隔阂,从而以解构共同体的方式强调他者伦理和责任意识的重要性。

The spatial game in Nutshell highlights the characters'competition for space based on varied information,with space being both the medium and the purpose of the game.The construction of the spatial game is built on the fetal narrator's imagination of his own and his family's fate;the process of the spatial game exhibits the damage of the performative relational script on the daily relationship between the subjects;and the ending of the negative sum game indicates the obstacle caused by“zero degree of empathy”on the common welfare.When understanding,negotiation,and commitment become dubious information in the game,space becomes a field of disbelief,dispute,and revenge.Ian McEwan focuses on characters'different opinions and on the disconnection between man and the environment through spatial game writing,emphasizing the importance of the ethics and responsibility of the other in a way of deconstructing the community.