1950—1970年皖南地区防治血吸虫病的 历史回顾

Historical review of schistosomiasis prevention and treatment in southern Anhui from 1950 to 1970

1950—1970年间, 在中央政府的领导下, 皖南地区成立了防治血吸虫病的工作所和工作站, 在控制病源方面, 科学划分轻重疫区, 以开新沟填旧沟、水田改旱田以及中西药物等灭螺方式切断血吸虫中间宿主钉螺的生存;通过管理人畜粪便和水源, 有效地切断了血吸虫卵的传播;同时对易感人群进行卫生意识宣传和教育。诊断上, 以西医物理和生化检验为主, 提高诊断准确率;治疗上以中西医药治疗加西医手术切脾的方式, 提高了治愈率。安徽省及皖南地区政府在防治血吸虫病过程中取得了良好的防治成果, 为其他疫病的防治提供了有益的借鉴。

From 1950 to 1970,under the leadership of the central government,workstations for the prevention and control of schistosomiasis were established in the southern Anhui region.In terms of controlling the source of the disease,light and severe epidemic areas were scientifically divided.By opening new ditches to replace old ones,changing paddy fields to dry fields,and using traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine to prevent the intermediate host of schistosomiasis,oncomelania from surviving.By managing the feces from human and animals and controlling the water source,the transmission route of schistosome eggs has been effectively cut off.At the same time,the education of hygiene awareness among susceptible populations were strengthened.In terms of diagnosis,modern physical and biochemical detection were used to improve the accuracy of diagnosis.In terms of treatment,by combining traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine,together with the splenectomy,the cure rates were improved.In the process of preventing and controlling schistosomiasis,the governments of Anhui Province and the southern region of Anhui Province achieved good results,providing useful reference for the prevention and control of other diseases.