基于成组技术的数控编程

Numerical Control Programming based on Group Technology

大批量个性化定制是制造业的发展趋势,同时也导致企业内部零件多样化。直接对每个零件进行数控程序编制、调试,工作量大,效率低。零件的参数化设计、标准化、模块化形成了形状、功能、工艺等特征相似的零部件族,这给基于成组技术进行数控编程提供了条件。基于成组技术编程可使编程工作模块化、标准化、高效化,能加快产出,降低成本。它有CAM软件自动编程和手工宏程序编制两种方式。但是,CAM软件编程只能共享过程,无法共享结果。参数化宏程序使用变量,修改方便,能最大限度地重用信息。指令模块调用、标准子程序调用都可实现参数化宏程序共享。但前者长期占用数控机床内存,可能影响其他零件的加工。同族零件可共享一个通用加工程序。参数化宏程序是零件族及其加工特征编程的最佳选择。

Mass and personalized customization has been becoming the development trend of the manufacturing industry,at the same time,it also caused the diversification of the parts within the enterprise.The numerical control programming and debugging directly for each part caused the large workload and low efficiency.The parametric design,standardization and modularization of the parts formed a parts family with similar geometry,function and process characteristics.It also provided conditions for numerical control programming based on the group technology.The numerical control programming based on group technology could make the programming work modular,standardized and highly efficient,and it could speed up output and reduce costs.There were two ways like automatic programming of CAM software and manual macro programming,but CAM software programming only shared the process without the results.The parametric macro program used variables,which was easy to modify,it allow maximized the reuse of information.Command module calling and standard subprogram calling mode all could realize parametric macro program sharing.But the former occupied the memory capacity of the CNC machine tool for a long time,which might affect the machining of other parts.Different parts of the same part family could share the same common machining program.The parametric macro programs were the best choice for parts family and their machining features.