吐蕃时期历代赞普陵墓数量及其名称探析

An Analysis On The Number And Names Of The Tubo Tsanpo Mausoleums

陵墓是历史的反映,记录了一个时代的风俗和文化。对吐蕃历代赞普的陵墓进行研究,可以更好地了解和勾勒藏族古代丧葬习俗和历史轮廓。依据藏文古籍文献记载及现有研究成果,在系统梳理吐蕃时期44位赞普陵墓的数量及其名称时,发现其中天座七王、地贤六王和德字八王等21位赞普未立墓建陵。另外23座陵墓中有7座未命名或名称不详,其余16座赞普的陵墓名称在藏文古籍文献中有明确的记载,而且这些陵墓名称的命名方式主要是通过墓主赞普生前的名讳、去世后所建陵墓的性质、选址、随葬品的多少、陵墓外部格局、内部结构及装饰颜色等特征来命名的。

Mausoleums are historical witnesses,which record the customs and culture of an era.By studying the tombs of Tsanpo in Tubo kingdom,we can better understand and outline the ancient Tibetan funeral customs and history.When systematically sorting out the number and names of 44 Tsanpo tombs in accordance with the records of ancient Tibetan literature and existing research results,it is found that 21 Tsanpo tombs had not been built,including seven Kings of Heaven,six Kings of Earth and eight Kings of water.Of the other 23 mausoleums,seven are unnamed or unknown,and the names of the remaining 16 Tsanpo mausoleums are clearly recorded in Tibetan ancient documents,and the naming of those mausoleums is mainly named after the tomb owner,the nature of the tomb,the location of the site,the number of funerary objects,the external pattern of the tomb,the decorative color and the internal structure.