高原地区藏族居民DVT发病特点及危险因素分析

Analysis of the characteristics and risk factors of DVT in Tibetan residents in plateau area

目的分析高原地区藏族居民下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)发病特点及危险因素。方法筛选本院2017年5月~2022年5月收治的藏族患者492例,按照DVT发生情况,将其分别纳入DVT组197例、非DVT组295例。就DVT组发病特点,(发病因素、血栓风险评分、血栓形成部位等),比较两组临床资料,使用Logistic多因素回归分析,总结影响DVT发生的危险因素。结果DVT组发病因素以高Hcy血症、外科手术、瘫痪或卧床为主;血栓形成部位集中于左下肢,以混合型为主;Logistic多因素回归分析示,D-二聚体≥0.5 mg/L、血红蛋白异常、高原红细胞增多症、卧床时间≥3 d均是影响高原地区藏区居民DVT发病的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论高原地区藏族居民DVT发病存在明显特点,且受D-二聚体、血红蛋白异常及高原红细胞增多症、长期卧床等因素影响。

Objective To analyze the characteristics and risk factors of DVT in Tibetan residents in Plateau area. Methods 492 Tibetan patients admitted to our hospital from May 2017 to May 2022 were selected and included in DVT group (197 cases) and non- DVT group (295 cases) according to the occurrence of DVT. According to the pathogenesis characteristics of DVT group (pathogenesis factors, thrombosis risk score, thrombosis location, etc.), the clinical data of the two groups were compared, and the risk factors affecting the occurrence of DVT were summarized by using Logistic multivariate regression analysis. Results In DVT group, the main risk factors were high Hcy, surgical operation, paralysis or bed rest. The location of thrombosis was concentrated in the left lower limb, mainly mixed type. Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that D-dimer ≥ 0.5mg/L, abnormal hemoglobin, high altitude polycythemia and bed time ≥ 3d were all independent risk factors for DVT in Tibetan residents in plateau areas (P < 0.05). Conclusion The incidence of DVT in Tibetan residents in plateau area has obvious characteristics, and it is affected by D-dimer, hemoglobin abnormality, high altitude polycythemia, long-term bed rest and other factors.