医学实验教学改革中贯彻动物福利理念研究——以“生理学”课程为例

Practice the Concept of Laboratory Animal Welfare in Medical Physiology Experimental Teaching

“生理学”作为率先涉及动物实验的基础医学前期课程,应做好动物福利理念与伦理教育以促进医学生全方位成长。从实验动物福利与动物实验替代方法出发,探讨“生理学”实验教学中实验动物福利存在的问题,并提出能够践行实验动物福利理念、提高实验教学效果的相关实验教学改革措施,包括将动物福利理念纳入教学和考核内容、增加人体实验比例、有机融合动物实验操作项目、引入虚拟实验教学平台、使用体外医用模型进行操作练习等。这些策略的实施可在不影响教学效果的前提下尽可能减少实验动物的使用,增强医学生的动物福利意识和尊重生命意识,提高动手操作能力和动物实验成功率,最大限度保护动物福利。

Physiology,as the first basic medical course involving animal experiments,should do a good job in animal welfare and ethics education to promote the all-round growth of medical students.Starting from the concept of laboratory animal welfare and alternative methods of animal experiments,this paper discusses the problems of laboratory animal welfare in current physiology experimental teaching,and proposes relevant measures in the reform of experimental teaching to practice the concept of laboratory animal welfare and improve the effect of experimental teaching.These measures include incorporating the concept of animal welfare into teaching and assessment,increasing the proportion of human physiology experiments,organically integrating animal experiments to reduce animal use,introducing virtual experiment teaching platforms,and using in vitro medical models for operation exercises,etc.The implementation of these strategies can reduce the use of experimental animals as much as possible without affecting the teaching efficacy,enhance the medical students’awareness of animal welfare and respect for life,improve the hands-on ability and the animal experiment success rates,and maximize the protection of animal welfare.