基于禁忌搜索算法的生鲜冷链物流配送路径优化研究

The optimization of fresh cold chain logistics distribution route based on tabu search algorithm

为降低生鲜产品的配送成本,减少燃油消耗对环境的污染,提升顾客的满意度,将碳排放与燃油消耗、制冷、货损、惩罚成本等因素考虑到配送优化问题当中,建立了考虑卖家至买家全过程链的总成本最小的生鲜冷链物流配送优化模型,采用禁忌搜索算法对其进行求解。通过樱桃冷链物流配送的实际案例验证了优化模型与求解算法的有效性。研究结果表明:生鲜冷链物流企业适当增加冷藏车的数量,可以降低企业的配送总成本,尤其是惩罚成本,较优化前降低了77.7%。随着迭代次数的不断增加,算法的收敛速度明显加快。

To lower the distribution cost of fresh products,reduce the environmental pollution caused by fuel consumption and improve customer satisfaction,a mathematical model of route optimization for fresh cold chain logistics distribution is established,concerning the whole process from seller to buyer with the goal of minimizing the total distribution cost.Factors such as carbon emissions and fuel consumption,refrigeration,cargo damage and penalty costs are taken into consideration,and the model is solved by the tabu search.The case of cherry cold chain logistics and distribution verifies the effectiveness of the optimization model and the solution algorithm.The results show that fresh cold chain logistics companies appropriately increase the number of refrigerated trucks,which can reduce the company’s total distribution costs,especially the penalty cost,which is 77.7%lower than that before optimization.As the number of iterations continues to increase,the convergence speed of the algorithm is significantly faster.