2015-2021年内蒙古地区市售蔬菜中禁限用农药残留调查分析

Investigation and analysis of banned and restricted pesticide residues incommercial vegetables in Inner Mongolia from 2015 to 2021

目的了解内蒙古地区市售蔬菜中禁限用农药残留状况,为有关部门制定针对性强的、有效的禁限用农药监管防治对策提供科学依据。方法2015—2021年,在内蒙古地区12个盟市采集市售蔬菜,采用气相色谱-质谱联用法、液相色谱-质谱联用法对蔬菜中禁限用农药残留进行检测,检测结果按照《食品安全国家标准食品中农药最大残留限量》(GB 2763—2021)中规定的限量值来判定。结果共采集市售蔬菜样本1721份,监测禁限用农药20种,包括氨基甲酸酯类、有机磷类及有机氯类农药,20种禁限用农药的总检出率为9.24%(159/1721),总超标率为5.35%(92/1721)。在20种禁限用农药中,除丁硫克百威、灭多威、涕灭威、氯唑磷未检出外,其他16种农药均有检出,检出率最高的是久效磷,为4.64%(21/453)。超标率最高的是乐果,为2.50%(24/959)。叶菜类蔬菜中禁限用农药检出率和超标率均为最高,分别为12.11%(77/636)和8.18%(52/636)。结论内蒙古地区市售蔬菜检出多种禁限用农药,建议相关部门加强禁限用农药的监管,保障人民群众舌尖上的安全。

Objective To understand the residue status of banned and restricted pesticides in vegetables sold in Inner Mongolia,and to provide scientific basis for relevant departments to formulate targeted and effective supervision and control countermeasures for banned and restricted pesticides.Methods From 2015 to 2021,vegetables were collected and sold in 12 league cities in Inner Mongolia,and pesticide residues in vegetables were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.The test results are determined according to the Maximum Residue Limits of Pesticides in Food of National Food Safety Standard(GB 2763—2021).Results A total of 1721 vegetable samples were collected,and 20 prohibited pesticides were monitored,including carbamate,organophosphorus and organochlorine pesticides.The total detection rate of 20 prohibited pesticides was 9.24%(159/1721),and the total overstandard rate was 5.35%(92/1721).Among the 20 prohibited pesticides,the other 16 pesticides were detected except carbosulfan,methomyl,aldicarb and chlorazophos.The highest detection rate was monophosphorus,which was 4.64%(21/453).The over-standard rate was the highest for Diguo,2.50%(24/959).The detection rate and overstandard rate of forbidden pesticides in leaf vegetables were 12.11%(77/636)and 8.18%(52/636),respectively.Conclusion Several banned and restricted pesticides were detected in vegetables sold in Inner Mongolia.It is suggested that relevant departments strengthen the supervision of banned andrestricted pesticides to ensure the safety of the people’s tongue.