河南省饮用水中四环素类抗生素残留调查及其健康风险研究

Investigation of tetracycline antibiotic residues in drinking water and its health risk study in He’nan Province

目的了解河南省饮用水中四环素类抗生素(TCs)残留情况,并进行健康风险评价。方法从河南省采集自来水水样,通过固相萃取法、高效液相色谱法检验水样中TCs残留,采用风险计算模型评估健康风险,将各污染物致癌风险和非致癌风险分别简单相加,不考虑污染物间相互作用影响,得出多种抗生素的总致癌风险和非致癌风险。结果不同水源类型水中均未检出差向土霉素、氯四环素,而其余9种TCs则均有检出,检出率在0~100.0%范围内,浓度在ND~3.23 ng/L;不同水源类型水中均未检出差向土霉素、氯四环素;强力霉素、金霉素在水源水、出厂水、末梢水中均有检出,地美环素、甲烯土霉素仅在出厂水中的水库、地下水中未检出,在其他水源中均有检出;四环素、土霉素仅在水源水、出厂水及末梢水中的水库水中未检出,而在其他水源类型中均有检出,米诺环素仅水源水和末梢水中的江河水中检出;河南省平水期仅检出金霉素、强力霉素、甲烯土霉素,主要污染物有强力霉素;枯水期检出差向土霉素、四环素、强力霉素、土霉素、米诺环素、甲烯土霉素、氯四环素,主要污染物为差向土霉素和土霉素;河南省水源水TCs浓度ND~3.21 ng/L、出厂水ND~1.66 ng/L、末梢水ND~1.16 ng/L;枯水期及平水期水源水、出厂及末梢水样TCs饮水途径非致癌风险3.40×10^(-7)~3.28×10^(-6),远小于1;总致癌风险1.30×10^(-7)~1.43×10^(-6),远小于10^(-4),在可接受范围,且饮用水健康风险具有成人高于儿童的特点。结论河南省饮用水存在TCs污染问题,主要污染物有强力霉素、差向土霉素和土霉素,且健康风险处于可接受水平。

Objective To understand the residues of tetracycline antibiotics(TCs)in drinking water in He’nan Province,and conduct health risk assessment.Methods Tap water samples were collected from He’nan Province,and the residues of TCs in the water samples were examined by solid phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography.A risk calculation model was used to assess the health risks,and the total carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of various antibiotics were obtained by simply adding up the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of each contaminant separately,without considering the effects of contaminant interactions.Results Differential hygromycin and chlortetracycline were not detected in any of the different water source types,while the remaining nine TCs were detected,with detection rates ranging from 6.0%to 100.0%and concentrations ranging from ND to 3.23 ng/L.Oxytetracycline and chlortetracycline were not detected in different water sources;Doxycycline and Chlortetracycline are detected in source water,factory water and terminal water,while Demeclocycline and methylenenenenebc oxytetracycline are only detected in the reservoir and groundwater in factory water,but are detected in other water sources;Tetracycline and Oxytetracycline were not detected only in the reservoir water of source water,factory water and terminal water,but were detected in other water sources.Minocycline was detected only in the river water of source water and terminal water;Chlortetracycline,doxycycline and methylenenenenebb oxytetracycline were detected during the normal water period in Henan Province,and the main pollutants were doxycycline;However,in the dry season,it was found that epidoxycycline,tetracycline,doxycycline,Oxytetracycline,Minocycline,methylene Oxytetracycline,and chlorotetracycline were the main pollutants of epidoxycycline,Oxytetracycline,and Oxytetracycline;The concentration of TCs in source water of He’nan Province ranges from ND to 3.21 ng/L,factory water ND to 1.66 ng/L,and peripheral water ND to 1.16 ng/L;Non carcinogenic risk of TCs in drinking water sources,factory and peripheral water samples during dry and normal water periods 3.40×10^(-7)-3.28×10^(-6),far less than 1;the total carcinogenic risk was 1.30×10^(-7)-1.43×10^(-6),much less than 10-4,within the acceptable range,and the health risk of drinking water is higher in adults than in children.Conclusion There is a problem of TCs pollution in drinking water in He’nan Province.The main pollutants are doxycycline,epidoxycycline and Oxytetracycline,and the health risk is at an acceptable level.