河南省居民膳食中铜摄入含量及其风险评估

Risk assessment of food copper content in He’nan population

目的 了解河南省居民膳食中铜含量水平,评估河南省居民通过膳食摄入铜的情况及其潜在的健康风险。方法 利用2014—2021年河南省各类食品中铜含量数据和2012年河南省居民食物消费状况监测数据,采用简单分布模型(半概率评估)法计算河南省居民膳食中铜的摄入含量,并进行健康风险评估。结果 全人群膳食中铜的平均摄入量为1.75 mg/d,高食物消费人群(P97.5)摄入量为3.51 mg/d。全人群共有0.21%的人群通过膳食摄入铜的量小于估计平均需要量(EAR),1.16%的人群通过膳食摄入铜的量介于EAR和推荐营养素摄入量(RNI)之间,98.10%的人群通过膳食摄入铜的量介于RNI和可耐受最高摄入量(UL)之间,仅有0.53%的人群膳食中铜的摄入量超过UL。对膳食中铜的摄入贡献率较高的食物包括谷类(24.51%~40.50%)、蔬菜(15.88%~30.98%)、水果(4.14%~7.72%)、饮用水(4.70%~6.91%)。结论 河南省居民膳食中铜的平均摄入量整体处于适宜水平,对人群健康造成的风险较小,处于可接受水平。2~3岁组铜摄入量小于EAR和超过UL的比例相对较高,存在一定的健康风险,应重点关注。

Objective To investigate the content of copper in food in He’nan Province,and to evaluate the dietary intake of copper from food and its potential health risks in He’nan population.Methods Based on the data of copper in foods in He’nan Province in 2014—2021 and the data of Chinese food consumption surveillance in 2012,the dietary intake of copper in He’nan population was evaluated by simple distribution model method.Results The mean and high level(P97.5)daily intake of copper from food by the total survey population were 1.75 mg/d,and 3.51 mg/d,respectively.Of the total survey population,the percentage of people with a dietary intake of copper<estimated average requirement(EAR),EAR-recommended nutrient intake(RNI),RNI-tolerable upper intake level(UL),≥UL were 0.21%,1.16%,98.10%,and 0.53%,respectively.Cereal(24.51%-40.50%),vegetables(15.88%-30.98%),fruits(4.14%-7.72%),and drinking water(4.70%-6.91%)were the main sources of the dietary intake of copper.Conclusion The copper intake from food in He’nan population was generally acceptable,and its health risk was small.The proportions of children in 2-3 years old group with an intake of copper less than EAR and exceeding UL were comparatively high,which need to be concerned.