2017-2020年中国18~59岁成年居民烹调油消费状况

The status of cooking oil consumption among Chinese adults aged from 18 to 59 during 2017 and 2020

目的分析2017—2020年中国23省(自治区、直辖市)18~59岁成年居民烹调油消费水平和状况。方法数据来源于国家食品安全风险评估中心于2017—2020年开展的中国居民食物消费状况调查,采用多阶段分层与人口成比例的整群随机抽样方法,本研究选取参与家庭调味品称重调查的18~59岁成年居民作为研究对象。通过称重记账法获得家庭烹调油消费量和个人人日数,结合家庭成员能量摄入比分配到个人,并参照《中国居民膳食指南》中成年人烹调油的推荐摄入量25~30 g/d进行评价。根据《中国食物成分表(第6版)》中脂肪酸含量,结合个人不同烹调油的消费量,计算个人经烹调油摄入的脂肪酸含量。结果我国18~59岁成年居民烹调油的平均消费量为36.23 g/d,其中植物油为33.99 g/d,动物油为2.17 g/d,混合油为0.08 g/d(动植物混合油)。研究人群烹调油消费量在不同年龄、性别、居住地、收入水平、受教育程度和地域方面的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);我国18~59岁成年居民烹调油消费量超过推荐摄入量范围最高值30 g/d的个体比例为50.72%;菜籽油、花生油和芝麻油是消费率最高的三种烹调油,菜籽油、花生油和豆油是消费量最高的三种烹调油;经烹调油摄入的脂肪酸以不饱和脂肪酸为主。结论我国18~59岁成年居民烹调油的消费量仍处于较高水平,超过一半的成年居民烹调油消费过多,需针对不同群体采取不同措施来降低烹调油的消费量。

Objective To analyze the status of cooking oil consumption among Chinese adults aged from 18 to 59 in 23 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities)during 2017 and 2020.Methods The data were obtained from the Chinese residents’food consumption survey conducted by the China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment in 2017 and 2020,using a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method proportional to the population.In this study,adults aged from 18 to 59,who participated in the household condiments weighing survey,were selected.Household cooking oil data and individual total number of diners were obtained by weighing accounting method,allocated to individuals according to the ratio of energy intake of household members,and evaluated by the recommended consumption of 25-30 g/d for adults in the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents.According to the fatty acid content in the Chinese Food Composition Table(6^(th)edition),the fatty acid content in cooking oil was calculated by combining the consumption of different cooking oil.Results The average consumption of cooking oil by Chinese adults aged from 18 to 59 was 36.23 g/d,vegetable oil was 33.99 g/d,animal oil was 2.17 g/d,and mixed oil was 0.08 g/d(animal and plant mixed oil).There were significant differences in the consumption of cooking oil among different age groups,genders,places of residence,household income levels,educational levels,and regions(P<0.05).In China,50.72%of adults aged from 18 to 59 consumed more cooking oil than the maximum recommended intake of 30 g/d.The highest consumption rate of cooking oils was for rapeseed oil,peanut oil,and sesame oil,and the highest consumption was for rapeseed oil,peanut oil,and soybean oil.Fatty acid intake through cooking oil was mainly unsaturated fatty acids.Conclusion The consumption of cooking oil by Chinese adults aged from 18 to 59 was still at a high level,and more than half consumed too much.Different measures should be taken to reduce the consumption of cooking oil in different groups.