新发展格局下数字经济发展如何释放人才红利——基于城市人力资本配置效率的分析

How to Release the Talent Dividend in the Development of Digital Economy——An Analysis Based on the Efficiency of Urban Human Capital Allocation

人口红利的日渐式微需要充分释放人才红利进行弥补,本文基于2011—2019年全国265个城市的面板数据,在测度城市数字经济发展水平和人力资本配置效率的基础上分析了数字经济释放人才红利的作用机理。研究显示,数字经济发展显著提升了城市人才利用效率,其作用途径主要在于数字经济扩大了城市就业市场规模和加速了人才流动,从而实现了“人才-岗位”的优化匹配。进一步分析表明当前数字经济对人才红利的释放作用主要在于充分发掘了中小城市和内陆城市的人才潜力。基于区域一体化的异质性分析表明,区域一体化程度的提高更有利于数字经济释放人才红利。研究认为应充分发挥数字经济在劳动力市场的积极作用,同时辅之以积极的劳动力市场政策,并进一步加强区域城市合作,最终实现人才红利驱动的现代化发展。

Based on the panel data of 265 cities in China from 2011 to 2019,this paper analyzes the mechanism of releasing the talent dividend in the digital economy on the basis of measuring the development level of urban digital economy and the efficiency of human capital allocation.The study shows that the de-velopment of the digital economy has significantly improved the efficiency of urban talent utilization,and its role is mainly because the digital economy has expanded the scale of the urban job market and acceler-ated the flow of talents,thereby realizing"talent-position"optimized matching.Further analysis shows that the release of the current digital economy on the talent dividend mainly lies in fully tapping the talent potential of small and medium-sized cities and inland cities.The heterogeneity analysis based on regional integration shows that the improvement of regional integration is more conducive to the release of talent divi-dends in the digital economy.The study believes that the positive role of the digital economy in the labor market should be fully utilized,supplemented by active labor market policies,and further strengthen re-gional city cooperation,so as to ultimately realize the modernization driven by talent dividend.