信息基础设施建设如何影响工业企业全要素生产率——基于“宽带中国”试点政策的准自然实验

How Information Infrastructure Construction Affects Total Factor Productivity of Industrial Enterprises——Quasi-Natural Experiment Based on the Pilot Policy of“Broadband China”

以宽带网络为代表的信息基础设施是推动我国工业实现高质量发展的重要引擎,为了推动信息基础设施的快速发展,国务院自2013年开始计划实施“宽带中国”试点政策。选取2007—2019年中国A股上市企业中的工业企业作为研究样本,考察“宽带中国”试点政策对我国工业企业全要素生产率的影响。结果显示:信息基础设施建设能够提高工业企业全要素生产率,且主要通过刺激工业企业增加创新投入、进行数字化转型发挥作用。行业异质性分析发现,信息基础设施建设提高了采矿业和制造业企业的全要素生产率;进一步对信息基础设施建设对制造业企业的影响进行细分行业的研究发现,信息基础设施建设只促进了8个制造业行业企业的全要素生产率。企业异质性分析发现,相比于非国有工业企业和小型工业企业,信息基础设施建设对国有工业企业和大型工业企业全要素生产率的促进作用更显著。因此,应在加强信息基础设施建设的同时,推进企业数字化转型和鼓励企业创新,提高工业企业全要素生产率。

The information infrastructure represented by broadband network is an important engine to promote the high-quality development of China s industry.In order to promote the rapid development of information infrastructure,the State Council has planned to implement the pilot policy of“Broadband China”since 2013.In order to investigate the impact of this strategy on the total factor productivity of industrial enterprises in China,this paper selects A-share listed companies in Chinese industrial enterprises from 2007 to 2019 as the research sample for empirical analysis.The results show that information infrastructure construction can improve the total factor productivity of industrial enterprises.Information infrastructure construction can improve the total factor productivity of industrial enterprises by stimulating them to increase innovation investment and carry out digital transformation.The analysis of industry heterogeneity shows that the construction of information infrastructure improves the total factor productivity of enterprises in mining and manufacturing industries.Further research on the impact of information infrastructure construction on manufacturing enterprises shows that the construction of information infrastructure does not promote the total factor productivity of enterprises in all manufacturing industries at the same time,it can only significantly promote the total factor productivity of enterprises in eight industries.The analysis of enterprise heterogeneity shows that compared with non-state-owned industrial enterprises and small industrial enterprises,information infrastructure construction has a more significant role in promoting the total factor productivity of state-owned industrial enterprises and large industrial enterprises.