危险化学品火灾爆炸事故调查分析与安全监管

Investigation and Safety Supervision of Hazardous Chemicals Fire and Explosion Accidents

近年来中国危险化学品火灾爆炸事故时有发生,大量危险化学品在储存和运输的状态下,具有较高危险性,一旦发生事故造成的后果极为严重。天津港“8·12”特别重大事故,凸显了预防危险化学品火灾爆炸事故的重要性。文章从人、机和管理三个方面调查分析事故发生的原因,从危险化学品的安全监管的角度分析企业存在的缺陷,并提出展望。针对化工企业火灾爆炸事故原因提出重视安全文化、健全安全管理制度、运用现代技术改善装备设施和提高应急处理能力等建议,来减少化工企业火灾爆炸事故。

In recent years,fire and explosion accidents of hazardous chemicals occur frequently in China.A large number of hazardous chemicals are in the state of storage and transportation,which have high risk.Once accidents occur,the consequences are extremely serious.Tianjin Port“8·12”particularly serious accident,highlighted the importance of preventing dangerous chemical fire and explosion accidents,from three aspects of investigation and analysis of the cause of the accident,analyze the deficiencies of enterprises from the perspective of safety supervision of hazardous chemicals.In view of the causes of fire and explosion accidents in chemical enterprises,suggestions are put forward,such as attaching importance to safety culture,safety management system,strengthening equipment and facilities maintenance and improving emergency handling ability,to reduce fire and explosion accidents in chemical enterprises.