教育扩展对农村劳动力流动的影响

Impact of Education Expansion on Rural Labor Mobility

大学扩招以来,农村居民中有大专及以上学历者的比例大幅上升。最新的中国家庭收入调查(CHIP)数据分析表明,教育水平的快速上升对农村劳动力流动产生了重要影响。农村居民获得城市户口的途径发生了显著变化,通过升学获得城市户口的比例显著下降,越来越多拥有高等教育学历的农村劳动力保留了原有户籍。相对于低教育水平劳动力,拥有高等教育学历的农村居民迁移概率更高,迁移时间更长。未婚群体中,大专及以上学历者的迁移范围更广;已婚群体中,高等教育学历农村居民迁往外省的概率低于较低学历的个体。为促进农村劳动力流动,城市地区应进一步深化户籍改革,为农民工家庭提供更多优质的公共服务。

The proportion of rural residents with a college degree has a significant rise since the expansion of university enrollment.Latest China Household Income Survey(CHIP)data shows that the rapid rise of education has an important impact on rural labor mobility.The way of rural residents obtaining urban household registration has changed significantly,the proportion of urban household registration obtained through further education has decreased significantly,more and more rural workers with higher education chose to retain their original household registration.Compared to low education level labor,rural residents with higher education qualifications have a higher probability of migration and a longer migration time.Among unmarried groups,those with a college degree or above have a wider range of migration.Among married groups,the probability of rural residents with higher education qualifications moving to other provinces is lower than that of individuals with lower education qualifications.In order to promote rural labor mobility,urban areas should further reform household registration and provide more high-quality public services for migrant families.