北方干旱地区金属矿开采环境影响研究

Research on the Environmental Impact of Metal Mining in Arid Areas of the North

金属矿资源是我国社会和经济发展的重要基础,大规模金属矿开采引发北方干旱地区的生态环境脆弱问题。本文分析了我国北方干旱地区金属矿开采对植物、野生动物、土壤、水资源等环境要素的研究进展及尚待研究的问题。讨论得出现有的单一环境要素评价、局部尺度评价和不完善的评价标准还无法准确判定金属矿开采对环境造成的损伤。建议制定明确的、统一的生态影响评价标准;深入研究北方干旱地区金属矿开采对多尺度和多环境要素协同作用的影响;建立金属矿开采影响环境的预测模型。

Metal mineral resources are an important foundation for China’s social and economic development,and large-scale metal mining has caused fragile ecological environment problems in arid areas of the north.This article analyzes the research progress and unresolved issues of metal mining in arid areas of northern China on environmental factors such as plants,wildlife,soil,and water resources.The existing single environmental factor evaluation,local scale evaluation,and incomplete evaluation standards cannot accurately determine the damage caused by metal mining to the environment.Suggest the development of clear and unified ecological impact assessment standards;conduct in-depth research on the impact of metal mining in arid northern regions on the synergistic effects of multi-scale and multiple environmental factors;establish a prediction model for the impact of metal mining on the environment.