糖尿病病人知识强化教育的效果评价

Effect of Diabetic Knowledge Intensive Education

目的了解糖尿病知识强化教育对糖尿病控制的作用。方法用随机单盲对照法 ,将 2 80例糖尿病病人分为强化教育组 (A组 )和传统教育组 (B组 )。A组进行分组强化教育即以组为单位分期参加糖尿病知识学习 ,针对每例病人进行个体指导。B组则仅进行一般的糖尿病知识教育。于教育前后调查糖尿病知识积分 ,精神症状自评 (SCL 90 )积分 ,每日摄取热量、每周主动运动治疗次数及每周血 (尿 )糖监测次数 ,了解病人对糖尿病的认识、自控能力、心理精神障碍及糖代谢改善情况。结果A组在教育后 ,对糖尿病的认识、自控能力明显提高 ,心理精神障碍及糖代谢情况明显改善 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1) ,B组各方面亦有所改善 ,但A组效果显著优于B组 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1)。结论糖尿病知识强化教育能有效提高病人自控能力 ,增强病人对糖尿病的认识 ,改善糖代谢水平 ,同时能有效改善精神和心理障碍 。

Objective To study the diabetic controlling by diabetic knowledge intensive education. Methods Two hundred and eighty patients with diabetic mellitus were randomly divided into intensive education group (group A) and traditional education group (group B). The patients in the group A received intensive education, including learning diabetic knowledge by stages and individualized instruction, while those in the group B only received traditional diabetic education. The diabetic knowledge grades, symptom check list 90 (SCL 90) scores, daily taken calories, numbers of exercise each week and blood glucose monitoring were recored before and after education to investigate the patients' cognition to diabetes, self controlling ability, mental disturbance and glucose metabolism. Results After education, the self controlling ability and the cognition to diabetes of the patients in the group A were obviously increase and the mental disturbance and glucose metabolism significantly improved ( P <0.05 or P <0.01). The effects of group A were superior to those of group B ( P <0.05 or P <0.01). Conclusion Diabetic knowledge intensive education could effectively increase the self controlling ability, enhance the patients' cognition to diabetic mellitus and improve the glucose metabolism. At the same time, it could effectively improve the mental disturbance.